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CWE-73 文件名或路径的外部可控制 类漏洞列表 385

CWE-73 文件名或路径的外部可控制 类弱点 385 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-73 属于路径遍历漏洞，指应用程序允许用户输入控制文件系统操作中的文件名或路径。攻击者通常利用此缺陷构造恶意路径，以访问或修改系统关键文件及敏感数据，从而破坏应用完整性。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需通过白名单验证、规范化路径及严格过滤特殊字符，确保最终路径位于预期的安全目录内，从而有效阻断非法访问。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-73 外部控制文件名或路径 (External Control of File Name or Path) 英文：产品允许用户输入控制或影响在文件系统操作 (filesystem operations) 中使用的路径或文件名。 这可能导致攻击者访问或修改对应用程序至关重要的系统文件或其他文件。路径操纵错误 (Path manipulation errors) 在满足以下两个条件时发生：1. 攻击者可以指定在文件系统操作 (operation on the filesystem) 中使用的路径。2. 通过指定资源，攻击者获得了原本不被允许的能力。例如，程序可能赋予攻击者覆盖指定文件或运行由攻击者控制的配置的能力。
常见影响 (3)
Integrity, ConfidentialityRead Files or Directories, Modify Files or Directories
The application can operate on unexpected files. Confidentiality is violated when the targeted filename is not directly readable by the attacker.
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityModify Files or Directories, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The application can operate on unexpected files. This may violate integrity if the filename is written to, or if the filename is for a program or other form of executable code.
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (Other)
The application can operate on unexpected files. Availability can be violated if the attacker specifies an unexpected file that the application modifies. Availability can also be affected if the attacker specifies a filename for a large file, or points to a special device or a file that does not hav…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and DesignWhen the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.
Architecture and Design, OperationRun your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the oper…
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
ImplementationUse a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).
代码示例 (2)
The following code uses input from an HTTP request to create a file name. The programmer has not considered the possibility that an attacker could provide a file name such as "../../tomcat/conf/server.xml", which causes the application to delete one of its own configuration files (CWE-22).
String rName = request.getParameter("reportName"); File rFile = new File("/usr/local/apfr/reports/" + rName); ... rFile.delete();
Bad · Java
The following code uses input from a configuration file to determine which file to open and echo back to the user. If the program runs with privileges and malicious users can change the configuration file, they can use the program to read any file on the system that ends with the extension .txt.
fis = new FileInputStream(cfg.getProperty("sub")+".txt"); amt = fis.read(arr); out.println(arr);
Bad · Java
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2019-25472 Intelbras TIP 200 Lite和Intelbras TELEFONE IP TIP200 安全漏洞 — Telefone IP TIP 200 7.5 High2026-03-11
CVE-2026-30903 Zoom Workplace 安全漏洞 — Zoom Workplace 9.6 Critical2026-03-11
CVE-2026-24287 Microsoft Windows Kernel 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1809 7.8 High2026-03-10
CVE-2026-25605 Siemens SICAM SIAPP SDK 安全漏洞 — SICAM SIAPP SDK 6.7 Medium2026-03-10
CVE-2026-25573 Siemens SICAM SIAPP SDK 安全漏洞 — SICAM SIAPP SDK 7.4 High2026-03-10
CVE-2026-29611 OpenClaw 安全漏洞 — OpenClaw 7.5 High2026-03-05
CVE-2026-28459 OpenClaw 安全漏洞 — OpenClaw 7.1 High2026-03-05
CVE-2026-28442 ZimaOS 安全漏洞 — ZimaOS 8.6 High2026-03-05
CVE-2026-28286 ZimaOS 安全漏洞 — ZimaOS 8.6 High2026-03-02
CVE-2026-27211 Cloud hypervisor 安全漏洞 — cloud-hypervisor 8.4AIHighAI2026-02-21
CVE-2026-26975 Music Assistant 代码问题漏洞 — server 8.8 High2026-02-20
CVE-2026-27008 OpenClaw 安全漏洞 — openclaw 7.7 -2026-02-19
CVE-2026-26360 Dell Unisphere for PowerMax 安全漏洞 — Unisphere for PowerMax 8.1 High2026-02-19
CVE-2026-26359 Dell Unisphere for PowerMax 安全漏洞 — Unisphere for PowerMax 8.8 High2026-02-19
CVE-2026-26361 Dell Unisphere for PowerMax 安全漏洞 — Unisphere for PowerMax 6.5 Medium2026-02-19
CVE-2026-1669 Keras 安全漏洞 — Keras 7.5AIHighAI2026-02-11
CVE-2026-26158 BusyBox 安全漏洞 — Red Hat Hardened Images 7.0 High2026-02-11
CVE-2026-26157 BusyBox 安全漏洞 — Red Hat Hardened Images 7.0 High2026-02-11
CVE-2026-21249 Microsoft NTLM 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1607 3.3 Low2026-02-10
CVE-2026-25628 Qdrant 安全漏洞 — qdrant 8.6 High2026-02-06
CVE-2020-37078 i-doit Open Source CMDB 安全漏洞 — i-doit Open Source CMDB 8.8 High2026-02-03
CVE-2020-37080 webTareas 安全漏洞 — webTareas 9.8 Critical2026-02-03
CVE-2024-5986 H2O 安全漏洞 — h2oai/h2o-3 9.8AICriticalAI2026-02-02
CVE-2026-23835 LobeHub 安全漏洞 — lobe-chat 6.5AIMediumAI2026-01-30
CVE-2021-47871 Hestia Control Panel 安全漏洞 — Hestia Control Panel 8.8 High2026-01-21
CVE-2021-47746 Emoji for NodeBB 安全漏洞 — NodeBB Plugin Emoji 7.5 High2026-01-21
CVE-2025-53912 MedDream PACS Premium 安全漏洞 — MedDream PACS Premium 9.6 Critical2026-01-20
CVE-2026-23529 Kafka Connect BigQuery Connector 代码问题漏洞 — bigquery-connector-for-apache-kafka 7.7 High2026-01-16
CVE-2026-20931 Microsoft Windows Telephony Server 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1607 8.0 High2026-01-13
CVE-2026-20872 Microsoft NTLM 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1607 6.5 Medium2026-01-13

CWE-73（文件名或路径的外部可控制） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 385 条 CVE 漏洞。