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CWE-73 (文件名或路径的外部可控制) — Vulnerability Class 315

315 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-73 (文件名或路径的外部可控制). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-73 represents a critical input validation weakness where applications allow external actors to dictate file system paths, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of sensitive data. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability through path traversal techniques, injecting sequences like “../” to escape intended directories and reach critical system files or application configurations. This manipulation occurs when software fails to sanitize user-supplied input before using it in filesystem operations, allowing the attacker to bypass intended access controls. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation, ensuring that all file paths are strictly checked against a whitelist of allowed directories. Additionally, using canonicalization functions to resolve paths before comparison and employing chroot jails can effectively isolate file access, thereby preventing attackers from navigating outside the designated application sandbox.

MITRE CWE Description
The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations. This could allow an attacker to access or modify system files or other files that are critical to the application. Path manipulation errors occur when the following two conditions are met: 1. An attacker can specify a path used in an operation on the filesystem. 2. By specifying the resource, the attacker gains a capability that would not otherwise be permitted. For example, the program may give the attacker the ability to overwrite the specified file or run with a configuration controlled by the attacker.
Common Consequences (3)
Integrity, ConfidentialityRead Files or Directories, Modify Files or Directories
The application can operate on unexpected files. Confidentiality is violated when the targeted filename is not directly readable by the attacker.
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityModify Files or Directories, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The application can operate on unexpected files. This may violate integrity if the filename is written to, or if the filename is for a program or other form of executable code.
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (Other)
The application can operate on unexpected files. Availability can be violated if the attacker specifies an unexpected file that the application modifies. Availability can also be affected if the attacker specifies a filename for a large file, or points to a special device or a file that does not hav…
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and DesignWhen the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.
Architecture and Design, OperationRun your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the oper…
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
ImplementationUse a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).
Examples (2)
The following code uses input from an HTTP request to create a file name. The programmer has not considered the possibility that an attacker could provide a file name such as "../../tomcat/conf/server.xml", which causes the application to delete one of its own configuration files (CWE-22).
String rName = request.getParameter("reportName"); File rFile = new File("/usr/local/apfr/reports/" + rName); ... rFile.delete();
Bad · Java
The following code uses input from a configuration file to determine which file to open and echo back to the user. If the program runs with privileges and malicious users can change the configuration file, they can use the program to read any file on the system that ends with the extension .txt.
fis = new FileInputStream(cfg.getProperty("sub")+".txt"); amt = fis.read(arr); out.println(arr);
Bad · Java
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2025-10058 WP Import – Ultimate CSV XML Importer for WordPress <= 7.27 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Deletion — WP Ultimate CSV Importer – Import CSV, XML & Excel into WordPress 8.1 High2025-09-17
CVE-2025-8422 Propovoice <= 1.7.6.7 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read — Propovoice: All-in-One Client Management System 7.5 High2025-09-11
CVE-2025-59049 Mockoon has a Path Traversal and LFI in the static file serving endpoint — mockoon 7.5 High2025-09-10
CVE-2025-58762 Tautulli vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via write primitive and `Script` notification agent — Tautulli 9.1 Critical2025-09-09
CVE-2025-55316 Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability — Azure Connected Machine Agent 7.8 High2025-09-09
CVE-2025-10134 Goza - Nonprofit Charity WordPress Theme <= 3.2.2 - Missing Authorization to Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion — Goza - Nonprofit Charity WordPress Theme 9.1 Critical2025-09-09
CVE-2025-9920 Campcodes Recruitment Management System index.php include file inclusion — Recruitment Management System 4.7 Medium2025-09-03
CVE-2025-54945 SUNNET Corporate Training Management System - External Control of File Name or Path — Corporate Training Management System 9.8 -2025-08-30
CVE-2024-13984 Qi'anxin TianQing Management Center rptsvr Arbitrary File Upload — TianQing Management Center 9.8AICriticalAI2025-08-27
CVE-2025-9529 Campcodes Payroll Management System index.php include file inclusion — Payroll Management System 7.3 High2025-08-27
CVE-2025-9048 Wptobe-memberships <= 3.4.2 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Deletion — Wptobe-memberships 8.1 High2025-08-23
CVE-2025-53363 Dpanel has an arbitrary file read vulnerability — dpanel 6.5AIMediumAI2025-08-22
CVE-2025-55746 Directus allows unauthenticated file upload and file modification due to lacking input sanitization — directus 9.3 Critical2025-08-20
CVE-2025-20269 Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager and Prime Infrastructure Arbitrary File Download Vulnerability — Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager (EPNM) 6.5 Medium2025-08-20
CVE-2011-10030 Foxit PDF Reader < 4.3.1.0218 JavaScript File Write — Foxit PDF Reader 8.8AIHighAI2025-08-20
CVE-2025-53769 Windows Security App Spoofing Vulnerability — Windows Security App 5.5 Medium2025-08-12
CVE-2025-29866 TAGFREE X‑Free Uploader 安全漏洞 — X-Free Uploader 9.8AICriticalAI2025-08-07
CVE-2025-54780 glpi-screenshot-plugin exposes local files in /ajax/screenshot.php — glpi-screenshot-plugin 7.7 High2025-08-05
CVE-2025-5393 Alone – Charity Multipurpose Non-profit WordPress Theme <= 7.8.5 - Missing Authorization to Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion — Alone – Charity Multipurpose Non-profit WordPress Theme 9.1 Critical2025-07-15
CVE-2025-6691 SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress <= 1.7.3 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion Triggered via Administrator Submission Deletion — SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress 8.1 High2025-07-09
CVE-2025-49760 Windows Storage Spoofing Vulnerability — Windows 10 Version 1507 3.5 Low2025-07-08
CVE-2025-49588 Linkwarden Local File Inclusion Vulnerability — linkwarden 6.5AIMediumAI2025-07-02
CVE-2025-6463 Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder <= 1.44.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion Triggered via Administrator Form Submission Deletion — Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder 8.8 High2025-07-02
CVE-2025-33117 IBM QRadar SIEM command execution — QRadar SIEM 9.1 Critical2025-06-19
CVE-2025-36506 RICOH Streamline NX V3 PC Client 安全漏洞 — RICOH Streamline NX V3 PC Client 9.1AICriticalAI2025-06-13
CVE-2024-1244 Remote code execution and local privilege escalation due to UNC access and NetNTLMv2 hash theft — OSSEC-HIDS Agent 7.5AIHighAI2025-06-11
CVE-2024-1243 Remote code execution and local privilege escalation in Wazuh Windows agent via NetNTLMv2 hash theft — Wazuh Agent 9.8AICriticalAI2025-06-11
CVE-2025-33053 Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Windows 10 Version 1507 8.8 High2025-06-10
CVE-2025-47956 Windows Security App Spoofing Vulnerability — Windows Security App 5.5 Medium2025-06-10
CVE-2025-48067 OctoPrint vulnerable to possible file extraction via upload endpoints — OctoPrint 5.4 Medium2025-06-10

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-73 (文件名或路径的外部可控制) represent 315 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.