Goal Reached Thanks to every supporter — we hit 100%!

Goal: 1000 CNY · Raised: 1000 CNY

100.0%
Buy Us a Coffee

CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) — Vulnerability Class 3432

3432 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-22 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly sanitize external input before constructing file paths. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting directory traversal sequences, such as “../”, into user-supplied parameters. These malicious inputs allow the application to resolve file references outside the intended restricted directory, potentially granting unauthorized access to sensitive system files, configuration data, or source code. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation techniques, ensuring that all path components are strictly checked against allowed characters and structures. Additionally, employing canonicalization to resolve symbolic links and relative paths before validation, combined with strict chroot jails or sandboxing, effectively confines file operations to designated directories, thereby neutralizing the potential for path traversal attacks and preserving system integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. Many file operations are intended to take place within a restricted directory. By using special elements such as ".." and "/" separators, attackers can escape outside of the restricted location to access files or directories that are elsewhere on the system. One of the most common special elements is the "../" sequence, which in most modern operating systems is interpreted as the parent directory of the current location. This is referred to as relative path traversal. Path traversal also covers the use of absolute pathnames such as "/usr/local/bin" to access unexpected files. This is referred to as absolute path traversal.
Common Consequences (4)
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The attacker may be able to create or overwrite critical files that are used to execute code, such as programs or libraries.
IntegrityModify Files or Directories
The attacker may be able to overwrite or create critical files, such as programs, libraries, or important data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, appending a new account at the end of a password file may allow …
ConfidentialityRead Files or Directories
The attacker may be able read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, by reading a password file, the attacker could conduct brute force password guessing a…
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
The attacker may be able to overwrite, delete, or corrupt unexpected critical files such as programs, libraries, or important data. This may prevent the product from working at all and in the case of protection mechanisms such as authentication, it has the potential to lock out product users.
Mitigations (5)
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
ImplementationInputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath(…
Architecture and DesignUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
OperationUse an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Examples (2)
The following code could be for a social networking application in which each user's profile information is stored in a separate file. All files are stored in a single directory.
my $dataPath = "/users/cwe/profiles"; my $username = param("user"); my $profilePath = $dataPath . "/" . $username; open(my $fh, "<", $profilePath) || ExitError("profile read error: $profilePath"); print "<ul>\n"; while (<$fh>) { print "<li>$_</li>\n"; } print "</ul>\n";
Bad · Perl
../../../etc/passwd
Attack
In the example below, the path to a dictionary file is read from a system property and used to initialize a File object.
String filename = System.getProperty("com.domain.application.dictionaryFile"); File dictionaryFile = new File(filename);
Bad · Java
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2025-15470 Eleganzo <= 1.2 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Directory Deletion — Eleganzo 6.5 Medium2026-04-14
CVE-2026-34619 ColdFusion | Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (CWE-22) — ColdFusion 7.7 High2026-04-14
CVE-2026-27305 ColdFusion | Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (CWE-22) — ColdFusion 8.6 High2026-04-14
CVE-2025-61624 Fortinet多款产品 路径遍历漏洞 — FortiOS 5.4 Medium2026-04-14
CVE-2025-68649 Fortinet多款产品 路径遍历漏洞 — FortiManager Cloud 5.4 Medium2026-04-14
CVE-2026-22573 Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS和Fortinet FortiSOAR on-premise 路径遍历漏洞 — FortiSOAR on-premise 6.2 Medium2026-04-14
CVE-2026-25691 Fortinet FortiSandbox 路径遍历漏洞 — FortiSandbox PaaS 6.2 Medium2026-04-14
CVE-2026-2399 Schneider Electric PowerChute Serial Shutdown 路径遍历漏洞 — PowerChute™ Serial Shutdown 6.5 -2026-04-14
CVE-2026-33929 Apache PDFBox Examples: Path Traversal in PDFBox ExtractEmbeddedFiles Example Code — Apache PDFBox Examples 7.5 -2026-04-14
CVE-2026-6227 BackWPup <= 5.6.6 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Local File Inclusion via 'block_name' Parameter — BackWPup – WordPress Backup & Restore Plugin 7.2 High2026-04-14
CVE-2026-22562 Ubiquiti UniFi Play PowerAmp和Ubiquiti UniFi Play Audio Port 安全漏洞 — UniFi Play PowerAmp 9.8 Critical2026-04-13
CVE-2026-32146 Improper Path Validation in Git Dependency Handling Allows Arbitrary File System Modification — Gleam 7.5 -2026-04-11
CVE-2026-3689 OpenClaw Canvas Path Traversal Information Disclosure Vulnerability — OpenClaw 6.5AIMediumAI2026-04-11
CVE-2026-40180 Zip Slip Path Traversal in quarkus-openapi-generator ApicurioCodegenWrapper class — quarkus-openapi-generator 9.1AICriticalAI2026-04-10
CVE-2026-31939 Path Traversal (Arbitrary File Delete) in Chamilo LMS — chamilo-lms 8.3 High2026-04-10
CVE-2026-40163 Saltcorn has an Unauthenticated Path Traversal in sync endpoints allows arbitrary file write and directory read — saltcorn 8.2 High2026-04-10
CVE-2026-40157 PraisonAI affected by arbitrary file write via path traversal in `praisonai recipe unpack` — PraisonAI 8.1 -2026-04-10
CVE-2026-40086 Rembg has a Path Traversal via Custom Model Loading — rembg 5.3 Medium2026-04-10
CVE-2026-35668 OpenClaw < 2026.3.24 - Sandbox Media Root Bypass via Unnormalized mediaUrl and fileUrl Parameters — OpenClaw 7.7 High2026-04-10
CVE-2026-6057 Unauthenticated Path Traversal in FalkorDB Browser Leads to Remote Code Execution — FalkorDB Browser 9.8 -2026-04-10
CVE-2026-6024 Tenda i6 HTTP R7WebsSecurityHandlerfunction path traversal — i6 7.3 High2026-04-10
CVE-2026-5998 zhayujie chatgpt-on-wechat CowAgent API Memory Content Endpoint service.py dispatch path traversal — chatgpt-on-wechat CowAgent 5.3 Medium2026-04-10
CVE-2026-4351 Perfmatters <= 2.5.9 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Overwrite via 'snippets' Parameter — Perfmatters 8.1 High2026-04-10
CVE-2026-40152 PraisonAIAgents has a Path Traversal via Unvalidated Glob Pattern in list_files Bypasses Workspace Boundary — PraisonAIAgents 5.3 Medium2026-04-09
CVE-2026-35206 Helm Chart extraction output directory collapse via `Chart.yaml` name dot-segment — helm 3.5AILowAI2026-04-09
CVE-2026-39977 flatpak-builder has a path traversal leading to arbitrary file read on host when installing licence files — flatpak-builder 7.5AIHighAI2026-04-09
CVE-2026-39981 AGiXT has a Path Traversal in safe_join() — AGiXT 8.8 High2026-04-09
CVE-2026-5962 Tenda CH22 httpd R7WebsSecurityHandlerfunction path traversal — CH22 7.3 High2026-04-09
CVE-2026-35204 Helm has a path traversal in plugin metadata version enables arbitrary file write outside Helm plugin directory — helm 5.7AIMediumAI2026-04-09
CVE-2026-5849 Tenda i12 HTTP path traversal — i12 7.3 High2026-04-09

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) represent 3432 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.