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CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 1064

1064 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-119 represents a critical memory safety weakness where software performs read or write operations beyond the intended boundaries of a memory buffer. This flaw typically arises from insufficient validation of input lengths or loop counters, allowing attackers to manipulate program execution flow. By crafting malicious inputs that exceed buffer limits, adversaries can overwrite adjacent memory, corrupt data structures, or inject executable code, often leading to remote code execution or system crashes. Developers mitigate this risk by implementing rigorous bounds checking before any memory access, utilizing safe string handling functions that enforce length limits, and adopting modern programming languages with automatic memory management. Additionally, employing static analysis tools and fuzzing techniques during development helps identify out-of-bounds accesses early, ensuring that all buffer operations remain strictly within allocated memory regions to prevent exploitation.

MITRE CWE Description
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
Common Consequences (3)
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Modify Memory
If the memory accessible by the attacker can be effectively controlled, it may be possible to execute arbitrary code, as with a standard buffer overflow. If the attacker can overwrite a pointer's worth of memory (usually 32 or 64 bits), they can alter the intended control flow by redirecting a funct…
Availability, ConfidentialityRead Memory, DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)
Out of bounds memory access will very likely result in the corruption of relevant memory, and perhaps instructions, possibly leading to a crash. Other attacks leading to lack of availability are possible, including putting the program into an infinite loop.
ConfidentialityRead Memory
In the case of an out-of-bounds read, the attacker may have access to sensitive information. If the sensitive information contains system details, such as the current buffer's position in memory, this knowledge can be used to craft further attacks, possibly with more severe consequences.
Mitigations (5)
RequirementsUse a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer. Be wary that a lan…
Architecture and DesignUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Operation, Build and CompilationUse automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses…
Effectiveness: Defense in Depth
ImplementationConsider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory: Double check that the buffer is as large as specified. When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string. Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a…
Operation, Build and CompilationRun or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code. Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported…
Effectiveness: Defense in Depth
Examples (2)
This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.
void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }
Bad · C
This example applies an encoding procedure to an input string and stores it into a buffer.
char * copy_input(char *user_supplied_string){ int i, dst_index; char *dst_buf = (char*)malloc(4*sizeof(char) * MAX_SIZE); if ( MAX_SIZE <= strlen(user_supplied_string) ){ die("user string too long, die evil hacker!"); } dst_index = 0; for ( i = 0; i < strlen(user_supplied_string); i++ ){ if( '&' == user_supplied_string[i] ){ dst_buf[dst_index++] = '&'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'a'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'm'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'p'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = ';'; } else if ('<' == user_supplied_string[i] ){ /* encode to &lt; */ } else dst_buf[dst_index++] = user_supplied_string[i]; } return ds
Bad · C
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2021-3657 Sourceforge mbsync 缓冲区错误漏洞 — isync 9.8 -2022-02-18
CVE-2021-20325 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 代码问题漏洞 — httpd 8.8 -2022-02-18
CVE-2021-46157 Siemens Simcenter Femap 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Simcenter Femap V2020.2 7.8 -2022-02-09
CVE-2021-46153 Siemens Simcenter Femap 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Simcenter Femap V2020.2 7.8 -2022-02-09
CVE-2021-44016 多款Siemens产品缓冲区错误漏洞 — JT2Go 7.8 -2022-02-09
CVE-2021-36343 Dell Bios 输入验证错误漏洞 — CPG BIOS 7.5 High2022-01-24
CVE-2021-36342 Dell Bios 输入验证错误漏洞 — CPG BIOS 7.5 High2022-01-24
CVE-2021-34934 Bentley Systems Bentley View 缓冲区错误漏洞 — View 7.8 -2022-01-13
CVE-2021-34874 Bentley Systems Bentley View 缓冲区错误漏洞 — View 7.8 -2022-01-13
CVE-2021-40393 Gerbv 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Gerbv 9.8 -2021-12-22
CVE-2021-43083 Apache PLC4X 0.9.0 Buffer overflow in PLC4C via crafted server response — Apache PLC4X 8.1 -2021-12-19
CVE-2021-4008 xorg-x11-server 缓冲区错误漏洞 — xorg-x11-server 7.8 -2021-12-17
CVE-2021-4009 xorg-x11-server 缓冲区错误漏洞 — xorg-x11-server 7.8 -2021-12-17
CVE-2021-4010 xorg-x11-server 缓冲区错误漏洞 — xorg-x11-server 7.8 -2021-12-17
CVE-2021-4011 xorg-x11-server 缓冲区错误漏洞 — xorg-x11-server 7.8 -2021-12-17
CVE-2021-44440 Siemens JT Utilities 缓冲区错误漏洞 — JT Utilities 7.8 -2021-12-14
CVE-2021-21950 Eufy Anker Eufy Homebase 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Anker 10.0 -2021-12-08
CVE-2021-21951 Eufy Anker Eufy Homebase 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Anker 10.0 -2021-12-08
CVE-2021-25518 Samsung Ldfw 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Samsung Mobile Devices 6.4 Medium2021-12-08
CVE-2021-21898 LibreCAD 缓冲区错误漏洞 — LibreCAD 8.8 -2021-11-19
CVE-2021-21899 LibreCAD 缓冲区错误漏洞 — LibreCAD 8.8 -2021-11-19
CVE-2021-33479 GOCR 缓冲区错误漏洞 — gocr 7.8 -2021-11-17
CVE-2021-33481 GOCR 缓冲区错误漏洞 — gocr 7.8 -2021-11-17
CVE-2021-41289 ASUS P453UJ - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer — P453UJ BIOS 6.3 Medium2021-11-15
CVE-2021-31883 Siemens Nucleus ReadyStart 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Capital Embedded AR Classic 431-422 7.1 High2021-11-09
CVE-2021-31882 Siemens Nucleus 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Capital Embedded AR Classic 431-422 6.5 Medium2021-11-09
CVE-2021-40117 Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software SSL/TLS Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 8.6 High2021-10-27
CVE-2021-34783 Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software Software-Based SSL/TLS Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 8.6 High2021-10-27
CVE-2021-34781 Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software SSH Connections Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 8.6 High2021-10-27
CVE-2021-34859 Teamviewer TeamViewer 缓冲区错误漏洞 — TeamViewer 7.8 -2021-10-25

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当) represent 1064 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.