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CVE-2025-9312— Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products

CVSS 9.8 · Critical EPSS 0.05% · P14
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-9312

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
A missing authentication enforcement vulnerability exists in the mutual TLS (mTLS) implementation used by System REST APIs and SOAP services in multiple WSO2 products. Due to improper validation of client certificate–based authentication in certain default configurations, the affected components may permit unauthenticated requests even when mTLS is enabled. This condition occurs when relying on the default mTLS settings for System REST APIs or when the mTLS authenticator is enabled for SOAP services, causing these interfaces to accept requests without enforcing additional authentication. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor with network access to the affected endpoints to gain administrative privileges and perform unauthorized operations. The vulnerability is exploitable only when the impacted mTLS flows are enabled and accessible in a given deployment. Other certificate-based authentication mechanisms such as Mutual TLS OAuth client authentication and X.509 login flows are not affected, and APIs served through the API Gateway of WSO2 API Manager remain unaffected.
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
关键功能的认证机制缺失
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
WSO2多款产品 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
WSO2 API Manager等都是美国WSO2公司的产品。WSO2 API Manager是一套API生命周期管理解决方案。WSO2 Identity Server（IS）是一款身份认证服务器。WSO2 API Control Plane是一个控制面板。 WSO2多款产品存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于mutual TLS实现中缺少认证强制执行，可能导致未经认证的请求被允许。以下产品受到影响：WSO2 Universal Gateway、WSO2 Traffic Manager、WSO2 API Contro
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

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Affected Products

VendorProductAffected VersionsCPESubscribe
WSO2WSO2 API Manager 2.2.0 ~ 2.2.0.58 -
WSO2WSO2 API Control Plane 4.5.0 ~ 4.5.0.22 -
WSO2WSO2 Traffic Manager 4.5.0 ~ 4.5.0.20 -
WSO2WSO2 Universal Gateway 4.5.0 ~ 4.5.0.20 -
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager 5.3.0 ~ 5.3.0.39 -
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server 5.2.0 ~ 5.2.0.33 -
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking KM 1.4.0 ~ 1.4.0.132 -
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking AM 1.4.0 ~ 1.4.0.138 -
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking IAM 2.0.0 ~ 2.0.0.408 -
WSO2org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service 1.1.1 ~ 1.1.1.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-9312

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-9312

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IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: WSO2 API Manager
Same vendor: WSO2
Same weakness: CWE-306

V. Comments for CVE-2025-9312

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