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CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 3320

3320 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-20 represents a critical software weakness where applications fail to properly verify the integrity, format, or type of incoming data before processing it. This oversight allows attackers to inject malicious payloads, such as SQL injection strings or cross-site scripting code, which can bypass security controls and compromise system integrity. Exploitation typically occurs when untrusted data from external sources, like user forms or network packets, is treated as executable code or trusted input. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation strategies, including strict type checking, length constraints, and allow-listing acceptable characters. Additionally, employing parameterized queries and output encoding ensures that even if validation fails, the injected data remains inert, thereby preserving application security and preventing unauthorized execution or data exposure.

MITRE CWE Description
The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. Input validation is a frequently-used technique for checking potentially dangerous inputs in order to ensure that the inputs are safe for processing within the code, or when communicating with other components. Input can consist of: raw data - strings, numbers, parameters, file contents, etc. metadata - information about the raw data, such as headers or size Data can be simple or structured. Structured data can be composed of many nested layers, composed of combinations of metadata and raw data, with other simple or structured data. Many properties of raw data or metadata may need to be validated upon entry into the code, such as: specified quantities such as size, length, frequency, price, rate, number of operations, time, etc. implied or derived quantities, such as the actual size of a file instead of a specified size indexes, offsets, or positions into more complex data structures symbolic keys or other elements into hash tables, associative arrays, etc. well-formedness, i.e. syntactic correctness - compliance with expected syntax lexical token correctness - compliance with rules for what is treated as a token specified or derived type - the actual type of the input (or what the input appears to be) consistency - between individual data el…
Common Consequences (3)
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)
An attacker could provide unexpected values and cause a program crash or arbitrary control of resource allocation, leading to excessive consumption of resources such as memory and CPU.
ConfidentialityRead Memory, Read Files or Directories
An attacker could read confidential data if they are able to control resource references.
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityModify Memory, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
An attacker could use malicious input to modify data or possibly alter control flow in unexpected ways, including arbitrary command execution.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and DesignConsider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subjec…
Architecture and DesignUse an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Architecture and Design, ImplementationUnderstand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may b…
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server. Even though clien…
Examples (2)
This example demonstrates a shopping interaction in which the user is free to specify the quantity of items to be purchased and a total is calculated.
... public static final double price = 20.00; int quantity = currentUser.getAttribute("quantity"); double total = price * quantity; chargeUser(total); ...
Bad · Java
This example asks the user for a height and width of an m X n game board with a maximum dimension of 100 squares.
... #define MAX_DIM 100 ... /* board dimensions */ int m,n, error; board_square_t *board; printf("Please specify the board height: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &m); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } printf("Please specify the board width: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &n); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } if ( m > MAX_DIM || n > MAX_DIM ) { die("Value too large: Die evil hacker!\n"); } board = (board_square_t*) malloc( m * n * sizeof(board_square_t)); ...
Bad · C
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2019-16761 Validator parsing discrepancy due to string encoding in NPM slp-validate 1.0.0 — slp-validate 5.7 Medium2019-11-15
CVE-2019-15966 Cisco TelePresence Advanced Media Gateway 输入验证错误漏洞 — Cisco TelePresence Advanced Media Gateway 7.7 High2019-11-05
CVE-2019-1789 ClamAV Denial of Service Vulnerability — ClamAV 7.5 High2019-11-05
CVE-2019-18228 多款Honeywell产品输入验证错误漏洞 — Honeywell equIP series IP cameras 7.5 -2019-10-31
CVE-2019-13541 Horner Automation Cscape 输入验证错误漏洞 — Horner Automation Cscape 7.8 -2019-10-18
CVE-2019-11253 Kubernetes API Server JSON/YAML parsing vulnerable to resource exhaustion attack — Kubernetes 7.5 High2019-10-17
CVE-2019-15273 Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Endpoint Software Arbitrary File Overwrite Vulnerabilities — Cisco TelePresence TC Software 4.4 -2019-10-16
CVE-2019-15265 Cisco Aironet Access Points Bridge Protocol Data Unit Port Disable Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Aironet Access Point Software 6.5 -2019-10-16
CVE-2019-15262 Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Secure Shell Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) 7.5 -2019-10-16
CVE-2019-15261 Cisco Aironet Access Points Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Aironet Access Point Software 7.5 -2019-10-16
CVE-2019-10969 Moxa EDR 810 输入验证错误漏洞 — Moxa EDR 810 7.2 -2019-10-08
CVE-2019-12706 Cisco Email Security Appliance Filter Bypass Vulnerability — Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) 7.5 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12701 Cisco Firepower Management Center Software File and Malware Policy Bypass Vulnerability — Cisco Firepower Management Center 5.8 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12699 Cisco FXOS Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software Command Injection Vulnerabilities — Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System (FXOS) 7.8 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12694 Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software Command Injection Vulnerability — Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software 6.7 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12689 Cisco Firepower Management Center Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Cisco Firepower Management Center 7.2 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12676 Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software OSPF LSA Processing Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 7.4 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12630 Cisco Security Manager Java Deserialization Vulnerability — Cisco Security Manager 9.8 -2019-10-02
CVE-2019-12656 Cisco IOx Application Environment Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco Industrial Routers Operating System Software 7.5 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-12669 Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software Change of Authorization Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco IOS XE Software 3.2.9SG 7.5 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-12655 Cisco IOS XE Software FTP Application Layer Gateway for NAT, NAT64, and ZBFW Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco IOS XE Software 3.16.8S 7.5 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-12657 Cisco IOS XE Software Unified Threat Defense Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco IOS XE Software 3.16.0S 7.5 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-12663 Cisco IOS XE Software TrustSec Protected Access Credential Provisioning Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco IOS XE Software 6.8 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-12653 Cisco IOS XE Software Raw Socket Transport Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco IOS XE Software 7.5 -2019-09-25
CVE-2019-10937 Siemens SIMATIC TDC CP51M1 输入验证错误漏洞 — SIMATIC TDC CP51M1 7.5 -2019-09-13
CVE-2019-3760 Dell RSA Identity Governance and Lifecycle和RSA Via Lifecycle and Governance SQL注入漏洞 — RSA Identity Governance and Lifecycle 6.4 Medium2019-09-11
CVE-2019-5461 GitHub 输入验证错误漏洞 — GitLab Community Edition 6.5 -2019-09-09
CVE-2019-12645 Cisco Jabber Client Framework for Mac Code Execution Vulnerability — Cisco Jabber for Mac 7.8 -2019-09-05
CVE-2019-12632 Cisco Finesse Request Processing Server-Side Request Forgery Vulnerability — Cisco Finesse 9.1 -2019-09-05
CVE-2019-12633 Cisco Unified Contact Center Express Request Processing Server-Side Request Forgery Vulnerability — Cisco Unified Contact Center Express 9.8 -2019-09-05

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) represent 3320 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.