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CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 3320

3320 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-20 represents a critical software weakness where applications fail to properly verify the integrity, format, or type of incoming data before processing it. This oversight allows attackers to inject malicious payloads, such as SQL injection strings or cross-site scripting code, which can bypass security controls and compromise system integrity. Exploitation typically occurs when untrusted data from external sources, like user forms or network packets, is treated as executable code or trusted input. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation strategies, including strict type checking, length constraints, and allow-listing acceptable characters. Additionally, employing parameterized queries and output encoding ensures that even if validation fails, the injected data remains inert, thereby preserving application security and preventing unauthorized execution or data exposure.

MITRE CWE Description
The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. Input validation is a frequently-used technique for checking potentially dangerous inputs in order to ensure that the inputs are safe for processing within the code, or when communicating with other components. Input can consist of: raw data - strings, numbers, parameters, file contents, etc. metadata - information about the raw data, such as headers or size Data can be simple or structured. Structured data can be composed of many nested layers, composed of combinations of metadata and raw data, with other simple or structured data. Many properties of raw data or metadata may need to be validated upon entry into the code, such as: specified quantities such as size, length, frequency, price, rate, number of operations, time, etc. implied or derived quantities, such as the actual size of a file instead of a specified size indexes, offsets, or positions into more complex data structures symbolic keys or other elements into hash tables, associative arrays, etc. well-formedness, i.e. syntactic correctness - compliance with expected syntax lexical token correctness - compliance with rules for what is treated as a token specified or derived type - the actual type of the input (or what the input appears to be) consistency - between individual data el…
Common Consequences (3)
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)
An attacker could provide unexpected values and cause a program crash or arbitrary control of resource allocation, leading to excessive consumption of resources such as memory and CPU.
ConfidentialityRead Memory, Read Files or Directories
An attacker could read confidential data if they are able to control resource references.
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityModify Memory, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
An attacker could use malicious input to modify data or possibly alter control flow in unexpected ways, including arbitrary command execution.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and DesignConsider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subjec…
Architecture and DesignUse an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Architecture and Design, ImplementationUnderstand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may b…
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server. Even though clien…
Examples (2)
This example demonstrates a shopping interaction in which the user is free to specify the quantity of items to be purchased and a total is calculated.
... public static final double price = 20.00; int quantity = currentUser.getAttribute("quantity"); double total = price * quantity; chargeUser(total); ...
Bad · Java
This example asks the user for a height and width of an m X n game board with a maximum dimension of 100 squares.
... #define MAX_DIM 100 ... /* board dimensions */ int m,n, error; board_square_t *board; printf("Please specify the board height: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &m); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } printf("Please specify the board width: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &n); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } if ( m > MAX_DIM || n > MAX_DIM ) { die("Value too large: Die evil hacker!\n"); } board = (board_square_t*) malloc( m * n * sizeof(board_square_t)); ...
Bad · C
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2024-52309 SFTPGo allows administrators to restrict command execution from the EventManager — sftpgo 7.2AIHighAI2024-11-21
CVE-2024-9875 Okta Privileged Access 输入验证错误漏洞 — Okta Privileged Access Server Agent (SFTD) 7.1 High2024-11-20
CVE-2024-45422 Zoom Apps - Improper Input Validation — Zoom Workplace Apps, SDKs, Rooms Clients, and Rooms Controllers 6.5 Medium2024-11-19
CVE-2020-3538 Cisco Data Center Network Manager Path Traversal Vulnerability — Cisco Data Center Network Manager 4.6 Medium2024-11-18
CVE-2021-1462 Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Privilege Escalation Vulnerability — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 6.7 -2024-11-18
CVE-2021-1465 Cisco?SD-WAN vManage Software 输入验证错误漏洞 — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 4.3 Medium2024-11-18
CVE-2024-0793 Kube-controller-manager: malformed hpa v1 manifest causes crash 7.7 High2024-11-17
CVE-2021-1466 Cisco SD-WAN vDaemon Buffer Overflow Vulnerability — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 5.4 Medium2024-11-15
CVE-2021-1470 Cisco SD-WAN SQL Injection Vulnerability — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 4.9 Medium2024-11-15
CVE-2021-1482 Cisco SD-WAN vManage Authorization Bypass Vulnerability — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 6.4 Medium2024-11-15
CVE-2021-1464 Cisco SD-WAN vManage Authorization Bypass Vulnerability — Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager 5.0 Medium2024-11-15
CVE-2021-34752 Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Command Injection Vulnerabilities — Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software 6.7 Medium2024-11-15
CVE-2022-2232 Keycloak: ldap injection on username input — Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 7.5 High2024-11-14
CVE-2024-50305 Apache Traffic Server: Valid Host field value can cause crashes — Apache Traffic Server 6.5 -2024-11-14
CVE-2024-38479 Apache Traffic Server: Cache key plugin is vulnerable to cache poisoning attack — Apache Traffic Server 9.1 -2024-11-14
CVE-2024-8936 Schneider Electric 输入验证错误漏洞 — Modicon M340 CPU (part numbers BMXP34*) 6.5 Medium2024-11-13
CVE-2024-49033 Microsoft Word Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability — Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 7.5 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-21976 AMD NPU driver 安全漏洞 — AMD Ryzen™ AI Software 8.8 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-21975 AMD NPU driver 安全漏洞 — AMD Ryzen™ AI Software 8.8 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-21974 AMD NPU driver 安全漏洞 — AMD Ryzen™ AI Software 8.8 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-21949 AMD NPU driver 安全漏洞 — AMD Ryzen™ AI Software 5.5 Medium2024-11-12
CVE-2024-10944 FactoryTalk® Updater Remote Code Execution — FactoryTalk Updater 8.4 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-39281 Unbounded allocation in ctl(4) CAM Target Layer — FreeBSD 6.5AIMediumAI2024-11-12
CVE-2024-37365 FactoryTalk View ME Remote Code Execution Vulnerability via Project Save Path — FactoryTalk View Machine Edition 7.3 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-50386 Apache CloudStack: Directly downloaded templates can be used to abuse KVM-based infrastructure — Apache CloudStack 8.5 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-50560 Siemens多款产品 输入验证错误漏洞 — RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU 3.1 Low2024-11-12
CVE-2024-50557 Siemens多款产品 安全漏洞 — RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU 7.2 High2024-11-12
CVE-2024-11079 Ansible-core: unsafe tagging bypass via hostvars object in ansible-core 5.5 Medium2024-11-11
CVE-2024-23983 Access rules for PingAccess may be circumvented with URL-encoded characters — PingAccess 9.1AICriticalAI2024-11-11
CVE-2024-52286 Self Cross Site Scripting (XSS) In Merge Functionality in Stirling-PDF — Stirling-PDF 6.1AIMediumAI2024-11-11

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) represent 3320 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.