From this webpage screenshot, we can extract the following key information about the vulnerability: 1. Vulnerability Description: - Title: - Description: Lionel discovered an issue where, even when user and BPF program BPF maps (such as .rodata) are frozen, it is still possible to write to them via specific helper functions that take as parameters. 2. Root Cause: - The function never sets when the argument is of the specified type. - The function, when using as the base type, assumes BPF read permissions, causing the subsequent call to to succeed even if the BPF map is read-only. 3. Solution: - Modify the helper function annotations to mark them as , indicating that they are effectively uninitialized when written to. - Change to and add additional alignment requirements. - Use a combination of and annotation types for parameters to ensure the verifier does not blindly write when the buffer size is unknown. 4. Files Fixed: - - - - - - 5. Code Changes: - Modified the structure in by adding and annotations. - Modified helper functions in , adjusting parameter types and sizes. - Modified the function in , adjusting parameter types and sizes. - Modified the function in , adjusting parameter types and sizes. - Modified helper functions in and , adjusting parameter types and sizes. This information indicates that a potential security vulnerability in BPF helper functions writing to read-only maps has been fixed by adjusting parameter types and sizes, ensuring that writes are not performed blindly when the buffer size is unknown.