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CVE-2026-47123— FreeScout: Agent Impersonation via Missing HMAC Verification on Notification Reply Message-ID Path

CVSS 7.5 · High EPSS 0.14% · P4

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1AI

T1566.002 · Spearphishing Link

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProductVersion RangeStatus
freescout-help-deskfreescout< 1.8.220affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-47123

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
FreeScout: Agent Impersonation via Missing HMAC Verification on Notification Reply Message-ID Path
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to 1.8.220, the email processing pipeline in FreeScout's FetchEmails command has two code paths for identifying agent (user) replies based on In-Reply-To / References headers. The notification reply path (notify-{thread_id}-{user_id}-...) extracts thread_id and user_id directly from the Message-ID without HMAC verification. An external attacker who can spoof the From address of a helpdesk agent can inject messages that FreeScout processes as legitimate agent replies — which are then automatically forwarded to customers via the legitimate SMTP server. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.220.
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
使用欺骗进行的认证绕过
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
FreeScout 数据伪造问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
FreeScout是FreeScout公司的一个使用 PHP（Laravel 框架）构建的超轻量级且功能强大的免费开源帮助台和共享收件箱。 FreeScout 1.8.220之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于邮件处理管道中基于In-Reply-To/References标头识别代理回复时，通知回复路径从Message-ID中提取thread_id和user_id而未进行HMAC验证，可能导致外部攻击者伪造帮助台代理的From地址注入被处理为合法代理回复的消息。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

VendorProductAffected VersionsCPESubscribe
freescout-help-deskfreescout < 1.8.220 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-47123

#POC DescriptionSource LinkShenlong Link
AI-Generated POCPremium
Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 8629 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-47123

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-47123 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-47123 (1)

Same Patch Batch · freescout-help-desk · 2026-05-29 · 4 CVEs total

CVE-2026-452945.3 MEDIUMFreeScout: User Account Enumeration via Password Reset Response Differentiation
CVE-2026-488114.3 MEDIUMFreeScout: Thread Deletion Bypasses Mailbox Access Revocation
CVE-2026-488104.3 MEDIUMFreeScout: Thread Edit Authorization Bypass via Missing Mailbox Check

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: freescout
Same vendor: freescout-help-desk
Same weakness: CWE-290

V. Comments for CVE-2026-47123

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