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CVE-2026-39421— MaxKB: Sandbox escape via ctypes and unhooked SYS_pkey_mprotect

CVSS 6.3 · Medium EPSS 0.09% · P25
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-39421

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
MaxKB: Sandbox escape via ctypes and unhooked SYS_pkey_mprotect
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Versions 2.7.1 and below contain a sandbox escape vulnerability in the ToolExecutor component. By leveraging Python's ctypes library to execute raw system calls, an authenticated attacker with workspace privileges can bypass the LD_PRELOAD-based sandbox.so module to achieve arbitrary code execution via direct kernel system calls, enabling full network exfiltration and container compromise. The library intercepts critical standard system functions such as execve, system, connect, and open. It also intercepts mprotect to prevent PROT_EXEC (executable memory) allocations within the sandboxed Python processes, but pkey_mprotect is not blocked. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
保护机制失效
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
MaxKB 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
MaxKB是1Panel-dev开源的一款基于大语言模型和 RAG 的开源知识库问答系统。 MaxKB 2.7.1及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于ToolExecutor组件存在沙箱逃逸问题，可能导致经过身份验证的攻击者通过直接内核系统调用绕过沙箱，实现任意代码执行。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

VendorProductAffected VersionsCPESubscribe
1Panel-devMaxKB < 2.8.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-39421

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-39421

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Same Patch Batch · 1Panel-dev · 2026-04-14 · 10 CVEs total

CVE-2026-394206.3 MEDIUMMaxKB: Sandbox escape via LD_PRELOAD bypass
CVE-2026-394185.0 MEDIUMMaxKB: SSRF via sandbox network hook bypass
CVE-2026-394174.6 MEDIUMMaxKB: RCE via MCP stdio command injection in workflow engine
CVE-2026-394193.1 LOWMaxKB: Sandbox Result Validation Bypass via Tool Output Spoofing
CVE-2026-39424MaxKB has CSV Injection in its Application Chat Export Functionality
CVE-2026-39423Stored XSS via Eval Injection in EchartsRander Component
CVE-2026-39425MaxKB: Stored XSS via Unsanitized html_rander Tags in Markdown Rendering
CVE-2026-39426MaxKB: Stored XSS via Unsanitized iframe_render Parsing
CVE-2026-39422MaxKB has Stored XSS via ChatHeadersMiddleware

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: MaxKB
Same vendor: 1Panel-dev
Same weakness: CWE-693

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