CVE-2025-55003— OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-55003
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, OpenBao's Login Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) system allows enforcing MFA using Time-based One Time Password (TOTP). Due to normalization applied by the underlying TOTP library, codes were accepted which could contain whitespace; this whitespace could bypass internal rate limiting of the MFA method and allow reuse of existing MFA codes. This issue was fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this, use of rate-limiting quotas can limit an attacker's ability to exploit this: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
过多认证尝试的限制不恰当
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
OpenBao 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao是OpenBao开源的一个敏感数据管理软件。 OpenBao 2.3.1及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于TOTP库对包含空白的代码进行了规范化处理，可能导致绕过内部速率限制和重用现有MFA代码。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-55003
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Same Patch Batch · openbao · 2025-08-09 · 7 CVEs total
| CVE-2025-54997 | 9.1 CRITICAL | OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host |
| CVE-2025-54996 | 7.2 HIGH | OpenBao Root Namespace Operator May Elevate Token Privileges |
| CVE-2025-55001 | 6.5 MEDIUM | OpenBao LDAP MFA Enforcement Bypass When Using Username As Alias |
| CVE-2025-55000 | 6.5 MEDIUM | OpenBao TOTP Secrets Engine Enables Code Reuse |
| CVE-2025-54998 | 5.3 MEDIUM | OpenBao Userpass and LDAP User Lockout Bypass |
| CVE-2025-54999 | 3.7 LOW | OpenBao: Timing Side-Channel in Userpass Auth Method |
IV. Related Vulnerabilities
Same product: openbao
- CVE-2026-40264
OpenBao's Token Store Allows Cross-Namespace Renewal, Revoca - CVE-2026-39396
OpenBao has Decompression Bomb via Unbounded Copy in OCI Plu - CVE-2026-39388
OpenBao's Certificate Authentication Allows Token Renewal Wi - CVE-2026-39946
OpenBao allows SQL Injection in PostgreSQL database secrets - CVE-2026-33758
OpenBao has Reflected XSS in its OIDC authentication error m
Same vendor: openbao
- CVE-2026-40264
OpenBao's Token Store Allows Cross-Namespace Renewal, Revoca - CVE-2026-39396
OpenBao has Decompression Bomb via Unbounded Copy in OCI Plu - CVE-2026-39388
OpenBao's Certificate Authentication Allows Token Renewal Wi - CVE-2026-39946
OpenBao allows SQL Injection in PostgreSQL database secrets - CVE-2026-33758
OpenBao has Reflected XSS in its OIDC authentication error m
Same weakness: CWE-307
- CVE-2026-41893
Signal K Server's WebSocket Login Endpoint Lacks Rate Limiti - CVE-2025-2514
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vu - CVE-2023-54347
OpenEMR 7.0.1 Authentication Brute Force Mitigation Bypass - CVE-2026-7671
CodeWise Tornet Scooter Mobile App TwoFactor excessive authe - CVE-2026-26206
Wazuh: API brute-force protection bypass via race condition
V. Comments for CVE-2025-55003
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