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CVE-2025-40042— tracing: Fix race condition in kprobe initialization causing NULL pointer dereference

EPSS 0.06% · P18

Affected Version Matrix 18

VendorProductVersion RangeStatus
LinuxLinux50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 07926ce598a95de6fd874a74fb510e2ebdfd0aaeaffected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 9c4951b691bb8d7a004acd010f45144391f85ea6affected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 95dd33361061f808d1f68616d69ada639e737cfaaffected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< a6e89ada1ff6b70df73f579071ffa6ade8ae7f98affected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 1a301228c0a8aedc3154fb1a274456f487416b96affected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 0fa388ab2c290ef1115ff88ae88e881d0fb2db02affected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 5ebea6561649d30ec7a18fea23d7f76738dae916affected
50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e< 9cf9aa7b0acfde7545c1a1d912576e9bab28dc6faffected
… +10 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-40042

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
tracing: Fix race condition in kprobe initialization causing NULL pointer dereference
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Fix race condition in kprobe initialization causing NULL pointer dereference There is a critical race condition in kprobe initialization that can lead to NULL pointer dereference and kernel crash. [1135630.084782] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000710a04630000 ... [1135630.260314] pstate: 404003c9 (nZcv DAIF +PAN -UAO) [1135630.269239] pc : kprobe_perf_func+0x30/0x260 [1135630.277643] lr : kprobe_dispatcher+0x44/0x60 [1135630.286041] sp : ffffaeff4977fa40 [1135630.293441] x29: ffffaeff4977fa40 x28: ffffaf015340e400 [1135630.302837] x27: 0000000000000000 x26: 0000000000000000 [1135630.312257] x25: ffffaf029ed108a8 x24: ffffaf015340e528 [1135630.321705] x23: ffffaeff4977fc50 x22: ffffaeff4977fc50 [1135630.331154] x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffffaeff4977fc50 [1135630.340586] x19: ffffaf015340e400 x18: 0000000000000000 [1135630.349985] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 [1135630.359285] x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 0000000000000000 [1135630.368445] x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000 [1135630.377473] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000000 [1135630.386411] x9 : 0000000000000000 x8 : 0000000000000000 [1135630.395252] x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000 [1135630.403963] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 [1135630.412545] x3 : 0000710a04630000 x2 : 0000000000000006 [1135630.421021] x1 : ffffaeff4977fc50 x0 : 0000710a04630000 [1135630.429410] Call trace: [1135630.434828] kprobe_perf_func+0x30/0x260 [1135630.441661] kprobe_dispatcher+0x44/0x60 [1135630.448396] aggr_pre_handler+0x70/0xc8 [1135630.454959] kprobe_breakpoint_handler+0x140/0x1e0 [1135630.462435] brk_handler+0xbc/0xd8 [1135630.468437] do_debug_exception+0x84/0x138 [1135630.475074] el1_dbg+0x18/0x8c [1135630.480582] security_file_permission+0x0/0xd0 [1135630.487426] vfs_write+0x70/0x1c0 [1135630.493059] ksys_write+0x5c/0xc8 [1135630.498638] __arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x30 [1135630.504821] el0_svc_common+0x78/0x130 [1135630.510838] el0_svc_handler+0x38/0x78 [1135630.516834] el0_svc+0x8/0x1b0 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c: 1308 0xffff3df8995039ec <kprobe_perf_func+0x2c>: ldr x21, [x24,#120] include/linux/compiler.h: 294 0xffff3df8995039f0 <kprobe_perf_func+0x30>: ldr x1, [x21,x0] kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c 1308: head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events); 1309: if (hlist_empty(head)) 1310: return 0; crash> struct trace_event_call -o struct trace_event_call { ... [120] struct hlist_head *perf_events; //(call->perf_event) ... } crash> struct trace_event_call ffffaf015340e528 struct trace_event_call { ... perf_events = 0xffff0ad5fa89f088, //this value is correct, but x21 = 0 ... } Race Condition Analysis: The race occurs between kprobe activation and perf_events initialization: CPU0 CPU1 ==== ==== perf_kprobe_init perf_trace_event_init tp_event->perf_events = list;(1) tp_event->class->reg (2)← KPROBE ACTIVE Debug exception triggers ... kprobe_dispatcher kprobe_perf_func (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_PROFILE) head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events)(3) (perf_events is still NULL) Problem: 1. CPU0 executes (1) assigning tp_event->perf_events = list 2. CPU0 executes (2) enabling kprobe functionality via class->reg() 3. CPU1 triggers and reaches kprobe_dispatcher 4. CPU1 checks TP_FLAG_PROFILE - condition passes (step 2 completed) 5. CPU1 calls kprobe_perf_func() and crashes at (3) because call->perf_events is still NULL CPU1 sees that kprobe functionality is enabled but does not see that perf_events has been assigned. Add pairing read an ---truncated---
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于kprobe初始化过程中存在竞争条件，可能导致空指针取消引用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

VendorProductAffected VersionsCPESubscribe
LinuxLinux 50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e ~ 07926ce598a95de6fd874a74fb510e2ebdfd0aae -
LinuxLinux 2.6.33 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-40042

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-40042

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-10-28 · 58 CVEs total

CVE-2025-40064smc: Fix use-after-free in __pnet_find_base_ndev().
CVE-2025-40075tcp_metrics: use dst_dev_net_rcu()
CVE-2025-40078bpf: Explicitly check accesses to bpf_sock_addr
CVE-2025-40079riscv, bpf: Sign extend struct ops return values properly
CVE-2025-40077f2fs: fix to avoid overflow while left shift operation
CVE-2025-40081perf: arm_spe: Prevent overflow in PERF_IDX2OFF()
CVE-2025-40068fs: ntfs3: Fix integer overflow in run_unpack()
CVE-2025-40067fs/ntfs3: reject index allocation if $BITMAP is empty but blocks exist
CVE-2025-40066wifi: mt76: mt7996: Check phy before init msta_link in mt7996_mac_sta_add_links()
CVE-2025-40065RISC-V: KVM: Write hgatp register with valid mode bits
CVE-2025-40069drm/msm: Fix obj leak in VM_BIND error path
CVE-2025-40063crypto: comp - Use same definition of context alloc and free ops
CVE-2025-40062crypto: hisilicon/qm - set NULL to qm->debug.qm_diff_regs
CVE-2025-40061RDMA/rxe: Fix race in do_task() when draining
CVE-2025-40060coresight: trbe: Return NULL pointer for allocation failures
CVE-2025-40058iommu/vt-d: Disallow dirty tracking if incoherent page walk
CVE-2025-40059coresight: Fix incorrect handling for return value of devm_kzalloc
CVE-2025-40057ptp: Add a upper bound on max_vclocks
CVE-2025-40056vhost: vringh: Fix copy_to_iter return value check
CVE-2025-40055ocfs2: fix double free in user_cluster_connect()

Showing top 20 of 58 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

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Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-40042

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