CVE-2025-12044— Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-12044
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
不加限制或调节的资源分配
Source: NVD (National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Title
HashiCorp Vault Enterprise 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
HashiCorp Vault Enterprise是美国HashiCorp公司的一个企业信息归档平台。 HashiCorp Vault Enterprise存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于在处理JSON有效载荷时未应用速率限制，可能导致拒绝服务攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
| Vendor | Product | Affected Versions | CPE | Subscribe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HashiCorp | Vault | 1.20.3 ~ 1.21.0 | - | |
| HashiCorp | Vault Enterprise | 1.20.3 ~ 1.21.0 | - |
II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-12044
| # | POC Description | Source Link | Shenlong Link |
|---|
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IV. Related Vulnerabilities
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Vault Vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via Unauthenticated Ro - CVE-2026-4525
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Vault Vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery in ACME Chal - CVE-2026-3605
Vault KVv2 Metadata and Secret Deletion Policy Bypass Denial - CVE-2025-11621
Vault AWS auth method bypass due to AWS client cache
Same vendor: HashiCorp
- CVE-2026-7776
Boundary Workers Vulnerable to Denial of Service During TLS - CVE-2026-5807
Vault Vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via Unauthenticated Ro - CVE-2026-4525
Vault Token Leaked to Backends via Authorization: Bearer Pas - CVE-2026-5052
Vault Vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery in ACME Chal - CVE-2026-3605
Vault KVv2 Metadata and Secret Deletion Policy Bypass Denial
Same weakness: CWE-770
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Argo Workflows: Unauthenticated Memory Exhaustion (DoS) in W - CVE-2026-42189
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V. Comments for CVE-2025-12044
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