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CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)) — Vulnerability Class 21615

21615 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-79 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data before rendering it in web pages. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts, often JavaScript, into trusted websites. When other users view the compromised page, the embedded code executes in their browsers, allowing the attacker to steal session cookies, hijack accounts, or redirect victims to phishing sites. This breach of trust undermines user privacy and application integrity. To prevent such attacks, developers must implement robust input validation and output encoding strategies. By strictly filtering incoming data and ensuring that all dynamic content is properly escaped before being processed by the browser, developers can neutralize dangerous inputs and effectively mitigate the risk of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities.

MITRE CWE Description
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. There are many variants of cross-site scripting, characterized by a variety of terms or involving different attack topologies. However, they all indicate the same fundamental weakness: improper neutralization of dangerous input between the adversary and a victim.
Common Consequences (3)
Access Control, ConfidentialityBypass Protection Mechanism, Read Application Data
The most common attack performed with cross-site scripting involves the disclosure of private information stored in user cookies, such as session information. Typically, a malicious user will craft a client-side script, which -- when parsed by a web browser -- performs some activity on behalf of the…
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands
In some circumstances it may be possible to run arbitrary code on a victim's computer when cross-site scripting is combined with other flaws, for example, "drive-by hacking."
Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Access ControlExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Bypass Protection Mechanism, Read Application Data
The consequence of an XSS attack is the same regardless of whether it is stored or reflected. The difference is in how the payload arrives at the server. XSS can cause a variety of problems for the end user that range in severity from an annoyance to complete account compromise. Some cross-site scri…
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and DesignUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482]. Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
Implementation, Architecture and DesignUnderstand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required e…
Architecture and Design, ImplementationUnderstand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly throug…
Effectiveness: Limited
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Architecture and DesignIf available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Examples (2)
The following code displays a welcome message on a web page based on the HTTP GET username parameter (covers a Reflected XSS (Type 1) scenario).
$username = $_GET['username']; echo '<div class="header"> Welcome, ' . $username . '</div>';
Bad · PHP
http://trustedSite.example.com/welcome.php?username=<Script Language="Javascript">alert("You've been attacked!");</Script>
Attack
The following code displays a Reflected XSS (Type 1) scenario.
<% String eid = request.getParameter("eid"); %> ... Employee ID: <%= eid %>
Bad · JSP
<% protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.TextBox Login; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label EmployeeID; ... EmployeeID.Text = Login.Text; %> <p><asp:label id="EmployeeID" runat="server" /></p>
Bad · ASP.NET
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2017-12221 Cisco Firepower Management Center 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Firepower Management Center 5.4 -2017-09-07
CVE-2017-6789 Cisco Unified Intelligence Center 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Unified Intelligence Center 6.1 -2017-09-07
CVE-2015-3976 GE Multilink Cross-site Scripting — Multilink ML800/1200/1600/2400 5.4 -2017-08-28
CVE-2017-9555 Synology Photo Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Synology Photo Station 6.1 -2017-08-24
CVE-2017-7421 Micro Focus Enterprise Developer和Enterprise Server 跨站请求伪造漏洞 — Micro Focus Enterprise Developer, Micro Focus Enterprise Server 5.4 -2017-08-21
CVE-2017-7422 Micro Focus Enterprise Developer和Enterprise Server 跨站脚本漏洞 — Micro Focus Enterprise Developer, Micro Focus Enterprise Server 5.4 -2017-08-21
CVE-2017-9556 Synology Video Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Synology Video Station 5.4 -2017-08-11
CVE-2017-6761 Cisco Finesse 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Finesse 6.1 -2017-08-07
CVE-2017-6762 Cisco Jabber Guest Server 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Jabber Guest Server 6.1 -2017-08-07
CVE-2017-6764 Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance 5.4 -2017-08-07
CVE-2015-9102 Synology Photo Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Photo Station 5.4 -2017-06-30
CVE-2015-9103 Synology Note Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Note Station 5.4 -2017-06-30
CVE-2015-9104 Synology Audio Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Audio Station 5.4 -2017-06-30
CVE-2015-9105 Synology Video Station 跨站脚本漏洞 — Video Station 5.4 -2017-06-30
CVE-2017-6053 Trihedral VTScada 跨站脚本漏洞 — Trihedral VTScada 6.1 -2017-06-21
CVE-2015-9056 Elasticsearch Kibana 跨站脚本漏洞 — Kibana 6.1 -2017-06-16
CVE-2016-10366 Elasticsearch Kibana 跨站脚本漏洞 — Kibana 6.1 -2017-06-16
CVE-2017-8439 Elasticsearch Kibana 跨站脚本漏洞 — Kibana 6.1 -2017-06-05
CVE-2017-8440 Elasticsearch Kibana 跨站脚本漏洞 — Kibana 6.1 -2017-06-05
CVE-2017-6654 Cisco Unified Communications Manager 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Unified Communications Manager 6.1 -2017-05-22
CVE-2017-0890 Nextcloud Server 搜索模块跨站脚本漏洞 — Nextcloud Server 5.4 -2017-05-08
CVE-2017-0891 Nextcloud Server 跨站脚本漏洞 — Nextcloud Server 6.1 -2017-05-08
CVE-2017-0893 Nextcloud Server JavaScript库跨站脚本漏洞 — Nextcloud Server 6.1 -2017-05-08
CVE-2017-6029 Certec EDV GmbH atvise scada 跨站脚本漏洞 — Certec EDV GmbH atvise scada 5.4 -2017-05-06
CVE-2017-6611 Cisco Prime Infrastructure 跨站脚本漏洞 — Cisco Prime Infrastructure 6.1 -2017-04-20
CVE-2017-6618 Cisco Integrated Management Controller 输入验证漏洞 — Cisco Integrated Management Controller 5.4 -2017-04-20
CVE-2017-2687 Siemens RUGGEDCOM ROX I 安全漏洞 — RUGGEDCOM ROX I All versions 6.1 -2017-03-29
CVE-2017-6864 Siemens RUGGEDCOM ROX I 安全漏洞 — RUGGEDCOM ROX I All versions 5.4 -2017-03-29
CVE-2016-9126 Revive Adserver 跨站脚本漏洞 — Revive Adserver All versions before 3.2.3 5.4 -2017-03-28
CVE-2016-9128 Revive Adserver 跨站脚本漏洞 — Revive Adserver All versions before 3.2.3 6.1 -2017-03-28

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)) represent 21615 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.