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CWE-74 (输出中的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(注入)) — Vulnerability Class 375

375 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-74 (输出中的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(注入)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-74 represents a critical input validation weakness where software constructs commands, data structures, or records using externally influenced input without properly neutralizing special elements. This flaw allows attackers to inject malicious syntax that alters the intended interpretation of the downstream component, leading to severe consequences such as unauthorized command execution, data manipulation, or system compromise. Exploitation typically occurs when user-supplied data is directly concatenated into queries or system calls without sanitization. To prevent this, developers must implement rigorous input validation, ensuring all external data is strictly checked against expected formats. Furthermore, utilizing parameterized queries, safe APIs, and context-specific encoding techniques ensures that special characters are treated as literal data rather than executable instructions, effectively neutralizing potential injection vectors before they reach the downstream processor.

MITRE CWE Description
The product constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.
Common Consequences (5)
ConfidentialityRead Application Data
Many injection attacks involve the disclosure of important information -- in terms of both data sensitivity and usefulness in further exploitation.
Access ControlBypass Protection Mechanism
In some cases, injectable code controls authentication; this may lead to a remote vulnerability.
OtherAlter Execution Logic
Injection attacks are characterized by the ability to significantly change the flow of a given process, and in some cases, to the execution of arbitrary code.
Integrity, OtherOther
Data injection attacks lead to loss of data integrity in nearly all cases as the control-plane data injected is always incidental to data recall or writing.
Non-RepudiationHide Activities
Often the actions performed by injected control code are unlogged.
Mitigations (2)
RequirementsProgramming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.
ImplementationUtilize an appropriate mix of allowlist and denylist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.
Examples (2)
This example code intends to take the name of a user and list the contents of that user's home directory. It is subject to the first variant of OS command injection.
$userName = $_POST["user"]; $command = 'ls -l /home/' . $userName; system($command);
Bad · PHP
;rm -rf /
Attack
The following code segment reads the name of the author of a weblog entry, author, from an HTTP request and sets it in a cookie header of an HTTP response.
String author = request.getParameter(AUTHOR_PARAM); ... Cookie cookie = new Cookie("author", author); cookie.setMaxAge(cookieExpiration); response.addCookie(cookie);
Bad · Java
HTTP/1.1 200 OK ... Set-Cookie: author=Jane Smith ...
Result
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2021-24144 Contact Form 7 Database Addon < 1.2.5.6 - CSV Injection — Contact Form 7 Database Addon 8.8 -2021-03-18
CVE-2021-21381 Sandbox escape via special tokens in .desktop file — flatpak 7.1 High2021-03-11
CVE-2021-21313 XSS on tabs — glpi 4.9 Medium2021-03-03
CVE-2021-21353 Remote code execution in pug — pug 6.8 Medium2021-03-03
CVE-2021-21316 Arbitrary code execution in less-openui5 — less-openui5 6.3 Medium2021-02-16
CVE-2021-21305 Code Injection vulnerability in CarrierWave — carrierwave 7.4 High2021-02-08
CVE-2021-21303 Injection attack in Helm — helm 5.9 Medium2021-02-05
CVE-2021-21277 Angular Expressions - Remote Code Execution — angular-expressions 8.5 High2021-02-01
CVE-2021-21278 Risk of code injection in RSSHub — RSSHub 8.6 High2021-01-26
CVE-2021-21263 Query Binding Exploitation in Laravel — framework 7.2 High2021-01-19
CVE-2021-21247 Post-Auth Unsafe Deserialization on BasePage (AJAX) — onedev 9.6 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21249 Post-Auth Unsafe Yaml deserialization — onedev 9.6 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21248 Post-Auth Arbitrary Code execution via Groovy script injection — onedev 9.6 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21242 Pre-Auth Unsafe Deserialization on AttachmentUploadServet — onedev 10.0 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21243 Pre-Auth Unsafe Deserialization on KubernetesResource — onedev 10.0 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21244 Pre-Auth SSTI via Bean validation message tampering — onedev 10.0 Critical2021-01-15
CVE-2021-21261 Flatpak sandbox escape via spawn portal — flatpak 7.3 High2021-01-14
CVE-2020-26298 Injection in Redcarpet — redcarpet 6.8 Medium2021-01-11
CVE-2020-27260 Innokas Medical Innokas Yhtyma Oy Vital Signs Monitor 注入漏洞 — BIGCOMPANYSOFT SOFTWARE PRODUCT 5.3 -2021-01-08
CVE-2020-26293 Possible XSS bypass if style tag is allowed — HtmlSanitizer 6.1 Medium2021-01-04
CVE-2020-26282 Template Injection in BrowserUp Proxy — browserup-proxy 10.0 Critical2020-12-24
CVE-2020-26260 Server Side Request Forgery in BookStack — BookStack 6.4 Medium2020-12-09
CVE-2020-26238 Critical vulnerability found in cron-utils — cron-utils 7.9 High2020-11-24
CVE-2020-26081 Cisco IoT Field Network Director Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerabilities — Cisco IoT Field Network Director (IoT-FND) 6.1 -2020-11-18
CVE-2020-26222 Remote code execution in dependabot-core — dependabot-core 8.7 High2020-11-13
CVE-2020-15238 Local privilege escalation Blueman — blueman 7.1 High2020-10-27
CVE-2020-15255 CSV injection in Anuko Time Tracker — timetracker 8.7 High2020-10-16
CVE-2020-15227 Remote Code Execution vulnerability — application 8.7 High2020-10-01
CVE-2020-15140 Remote Code Execution in Red Discord Bot — Red-DiscordBot 8.2 High2020-08-21
CVE-2020-15143 Remote Code Execution in SyliusResourceBundle — SyliusResourceBundle 7.7 High2020-08-19

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-74 (输出中的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(注入)) represent 375 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.