CWE-641 (文件和其他资源名称限制不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 11

CWE-641 represents a critical input validation weakness where applications construct file or resource names using untrusted upstream data without adequate restriction. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious characters, such as path traversal sequences or scripting symbols, into the input stream. This manipulation allows adversaries to access restricted system files, execute arbitrary code in the client’s browser, or overwrite critical application resources. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement strict input sanitization and validation protocols. By enforcing allowlists for acceptable characters and normalizing paths before processing, engineers can prevent the interpretation of special symbols as functional commands. Additionally, utilizing secure APIs that handle resource naming internally further reduces the attack surface, ensuring that external inputs are treated strictly as data rather than executable instructions or structural directives.