CWE-555 (J2EE误配置：在配置文件中明文存储口令) — Vulnerability Class 1

CWE-555 represents a critical configuration weakness where Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications store sensitive credentials in plain text within configuration files. This flaw exposes authentication data to any user or process with read access to the file system, effectively bypassing intended security controls. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by scanning accessible directories for configuration files, extracting the plaintext passwords, and using them to gain unauthorized access to protected resources or databases. To mitigate this risk, developers must avoid hardcoding secrets in plain text. Instead, they should employ secure storage mechanisms such as encrypted configuration files, hardware security modules, or dedicated secret management services. Additionally, implementing strict file permission policies ensures that only authorized processes can access sensitive configuration data, thereby significantly reducing the attack surface for credential theft.