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CWE-476 空指针解引用 类漏洞列表 1209

CWE-476 空指针解引用 类弱点 1209 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-476空指针解引用属于内存安全类漏洞，指程序在指针为NULL时仍尝试访问其指向的内存。攻击者通常通过构造特定输入触发空指针，导致程序崩溃引发拒绝服务，或在特定架构下利用该异常改变执行流以执行恶意代码。开发者应避免在解引用前未验证指针有效性，通过添加空值检查、使用静态分析工具检测潜在风险，并确保代码逻辑能妥善处理无效指针情况，从而从根本上消除隐患。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference（空指针解引用） 英文：The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL. 译文：产品解引用了一个它预期为有效但实际上为 NULL 的指针。
常见影响 (2)
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
NULL pointer dereferences usually result in the failure of the process unless exception handling (on some platforms) is available and implemented. Even when exception handling is being used, it can still be very difficult to return the software to a safe state of operation.
Integrity, ConfidentialityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Read Memory, Modify Memory
In rare circumstances, when NULL is equivalent to the 0x0 memory address and privileged code can access it, then writing or reading memory is possible, which may lead to code execution.
缓解措施 (5)
ImplementationFor any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
RequirementsSelect a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
ImplementationCheck the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Effectiveness: Moderate
Architecture and DesignIdentify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
ImplementationExplicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
代码示例 (2)
This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.
void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }
Bad · C
In the following code, the programmer assumes that the system always has a property named "cmd" defined. If an attacker can control the program's environment so that "cmd" is not defined, the program throws a NULL pointer exception when it attempts to call the trim() method.
String cmd = System.getProperty("cmd"); cmd = cmd.trim();
Bad · Java
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2026-45151 NanoMQ 代码问题漏洞 — nanomq--2026-05-29
CVE-2026-46527 cpp-httplib 代码问题漏洞 — cpp-httplib--2026-05-29
CVE-2026-47337 Canonical Ubuntu Linux 安全漏洞 — Ubuntu Linux 3.3 Low2026-05-28
CVE-2026-47335 Canonical Ubuntu Linux 安全漏洞 — Ubuntu Linux 5.5 Medium2026-05-28
CVE-2026-47327 Canonical Ubuntu Linux 安全漏洞 — Ubuntu Linux 3.3 Low2026-05-28
CVE-2026-44710 pam_usb 代码问题漏洞 — pam_usb 4.6 Medium2026-05-27
CVE-2026-47271 pam_usb 代码问题漏洞 — pam_usb 5.1 Medium2026-05-27
CVE-2026-8359 Gladinet Triofox 安全漏洞 — Triofox 7.5 High2026-05-27
CVE-2026-8360 Gladinet Triofox 安全漏洞 — Triofox 7.5 High2026-05-27
CVE-2026-9759 Wireshark 代码问题漏洞 — Wireshark 5.5 Medium2026-05-27
CVE-2026-44316 free5GC 安全漏洞 — free5gc 7.5 High2026-05-27
CVE-2026-44317 free5GC 代码问题漏洞 — free5gc 6.5 Medium2026-05-27
CVE-2026-44322 free5GC 代码问题漏洞 — free5gc 7.5 High2026-05-27
CVE-2026-44323 free5GC 代码问题漏洞 — free5gc 4.3 Medium2026-05-27
CVE-2026-8180 IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint和IBM Aspera High-Speed Transfer Server 代码问题漏洞 — Aspera High-Speed Transfer Endpoint 7.5 High2026-05-27
CVE-2026-9567 GPAC 代码问题漏洞 — GPAC 3.3 Low2026-05-26
CVE-2026-7450 Autodesk 3ds Max 代码问题漏洞 — 3ds Max 5.5 Medium2026-05-26
CVE-2026-8850 IBM HTTP Server 代码问题漏洞 — HTTP Server 7.5 High2026-05-26
CVE-2026-8479 Hitachi Energy RTU500 安全漏洞 — RTU500 series CMU firmware--2026-05-26
CVE-2026-9529 GNU LibreDWG 代码问题漏洞 — LibreDWG 3.3 Low2026-05-26
CVE-2026-9503 GNU LibreDWG 代码问题漏洞 — LibreDWG 3.3 Low2026-05-25
CVE-2026-48829 GNU SASL 代码问题漏洞 — GNU SASL 7.5 High2026-05-24
CVE-2026-32134 NanoMQ 代码问题漏洞 — nanomq 5.9 Medium2026-05-19
CVE-2026-47308 SAMSUNG Walrus 代码问题漏洞 — Walrus 5.5 Medium2026-05-19
CVE-2026-25110 OpenHarmony 代码问题漏洞 — OpenHarmony 3.3 Low2026-05-19
CVE-2026-47307 SAMSUNG Walrus 代码问题漏洞 — Walrus 5.5 Medium2026-05-19
CVE-2026-8783 amf 安全漏洞 — amf 4.3 Medium2026-05-18
CVE-2026-8782 amf 安全漏洞 — amf 4.3 Medium2026-05-18
CVE-2026-8781 amf 安全漏洞 — amf 4.3 Medium2026-05-18
CVE-2026-8723 qs 代码问题漏洞 — qs 5.3 Medium2026-05-16

CWE-476（空指针解引用） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1209 条 CVE 漏洞。