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CWE-311 (敏感数据加密缺失) — Vulnerability Class 257

257 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-311 (敏感数据加密缺失). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-311 represents a critical data protection weakness where software fails to encrypt sensitive information before storage or transmission, leaving confidential data exposed in plaintext. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by intercepting network traffic through man-in-the-middle attacks or by gaining unauthorized physical or logical access to storage systems, allowing them to read credentials, financial records, or personal identifiable information without obstruction. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement robust cryptographic standards, such as AES-256 for data at rest and TLS 1.3 for data in transit, ensuring that all sensitive payloads are securely encoded. Furthermore, rigorous code reviews and automated static analysis tools should be employed to detect missing encryption calls, while strict key management practices guarantee that cryptographic keys themselves remain protected from compromise, thereby maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the entire system.

MITRE CWE Description
The product does not encrypt sensitive or critical information before storage or transmission.
Common Consequences (2)
ConfidentialityRead Application Data
If the application does not use a secure channel, such as SSL, to exchange sensitive information, it is possible for an attacker with access to the network traffic to sniff packets from the connection and uncover the data. This attack is not technically difficult, but does require physical access to…
Confidentiality, IntegrityModify Application Data
Omitting the use of encryption in any program which transfers data over a network of any kind should be considered on par with delivering the data sent to each user on the local networks of both the sender and receiver. Worse, this omission allows for the injection of data into a stream of communica…
Mitigations (5)
RequirementsClearly specify which data or resources are valuable enough that they should be protected by encryption. Require that any transmission or storage of this data/resource should use well-vetted encryption algorithms.
Architecture and DesignEnsure that encryption is properly integrated into the system design, including but not necessarily limited to: Encryption that is needed to store or transmit private data of the users of the system Encryption that is needed to protect the system itself from unauthorized disclosure or tampering Identify the separate needs and contexts for encryption: One-way (i.e., only the user or recipient needs…
Architecture and DesignWhen there is a need to store or transmit sensitive data, use strong, up-to-date cryptographic algorithms to encrypt that data. Select a well-vetted algorithm that is currently considered to be strong by experts in the field, and use well-tested implementations. As with all cryptographic mechanisms, the source code should be available for analysis. For example, US government systems require FIPS 1…
Architecture and DesignCompartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area. Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separatio…
Implementation, Architecture and DesignWhen using industry-approved techniques, use them correctly. Don't cut corners by skipping resource-intensive steps (CWE-325). These steps are often essential for preventing common attacks.
Examples (2)
This code writes a user's login information to a cookie so the user does not have to login again later.
function persistLogin($username, $password){ $data = array("username" => $username, "password"=> $password); setcookie ("userdata", $data); }
Bad · PHP
The following code attempts to establish a connection, read in a password, then store it to a buffer.
server.sin_family = AF_INET; hp = gethostbyname(argv[1]); if (hp==NULL) error("Unknown host"); memcpy( (char *)&server.sin_addr,(char *)hp->h_addr,hp->h_length); if (argc < 3) port = 80; else port = (unsigned short)atoi(argv[3]); server.sin_port = htons(port); if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof server) < 0) error("Connecting"); ... while ((n=read(sock,buffer,BUFSIZE-1))!=-1) { write(dfd,password_buffer,n); ...
Bad · C
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2016-10666 tomita-parser 安全漏洞 — tomita-parser node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10674 limbus-buildgen 安全漏洞 — limbus-buildgen node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10679 selenium-standalone-painful 安全漏洞 — selenium-standalone-painful node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10680 adamvr-geoip-lite 安全漏洞 — adamvr-geoip-lite node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10681 roslib-socketio 安全漏洞 — roslib-socketio node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10682 massif 安全漏洞 — massif node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2016-10698 massif 安全漏洞 — mystem-fix node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2017-16003 windows-build-tools 安全漏洞 — windows-build-tools node module 8.1 -2018-05-29
CVE-2018-8864 多款Acoustic产品加密问题漏洞 — ATI Emergency Mass Notification Systems 3.1 -2018-05-25
CVE-2018-8849 Medtronic N'Vision Clinician Programmer Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data — N'Vision Clinician Programmer 4.6 Medium2018-05-18
CVE-2017-14012 Boston Scientific ZOOM LATITUDE PRM 3120 加密问题漏洞 — ZOOM LATITUDE PRM 4.6 -2018-05-01
CVE-2017-12716 多款Abbott产品信息泄露漏洞 — Accent and Anthem 6.5 -2018-04-25
CVE-2018-7498 Philips Alice 6 System 安全漏洞 — Philips Alice 6 System 9.8 -2018-03-28
CVE-2017-9632 多款PDQ产品安全漏洞 — PDQ Manufacturing, Inc. LaserWash, Laser Jet and ProTouch 9.8 -2017-08-07
CVE-2017-3219 Acronis True Image 安全漏洞 — True Image 8.1 -2017-06-21
CVE-2014-2379 Sensys Networks Traffic Sensor Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data — VSN240-F 7.4 -2014-09-05
CVE-2012-1977 WellinTech KingSCADA Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data — KingSCADA 6.2 -2012-05-09

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-311 (敏感数据加密缺失) represent 257 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.