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CWE-287 认证机制不恰当 类漏洞列表 1296

CWE-287 认证机制不恰当 类弱点 1296 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-287 属于身份验证缺陷漏洞，指系统在验证用户身份时未能充分核实其声明的真实性。攻击者常利用此弱点通过暴力破解、凭证填充或会话劫持等手段冒充合法用户，从而获取未授权访问权限。开发者应实施多因素认证、使用强哈希算法存储凭证、设置合理的账户锁定策略，并严格验证每次访问的身份凭证，以确保身份声明得到充分证明。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-287 Improper Authentication 英文：当某个actor声称具有某一特定身份时，产品未能证明或未能充分证明该声明是正确的。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability, Access ControlRead Application Data, Gain Privileges or Assume Identity, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
This weakness can lead to the exposure of resources or functionality to unintended actors, possibly providing attackers with sensitive information or even execute arbitrary code.
缓解措施 (1)
Architecture and DesignUse an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
代码示例 (2)
The following code intends to ensure that the user is already logged in. If not, the code performs authentication with the user-provided username and password. If successful, it sets the loggedin and user cookies to "remember" that the user has already logged in. Finally, the code performs administrator tasks if the logged-in user has the "Administrator" username, as recorded in the user cookie.
my $q = new CGI; if ($q->cookie('loggedin') ne "true") { if (! AuthenticateUser($q->param('username'), $q->param('password'))) { ExitError("Error: you need to log in first"); } else { # Set loggedin and user cookies. $q->cookie( -name => 'loggedin', -value => 'true' ); $q->cookie( -name => 'user', -value => $q->param('username') ); } } if ($q->cookie('user') eq "Administrator") { DoAdministratorTasks(); }
Bad · Perl
GET /cgi-bin/vulnerable.cgi HTTP/1.1 Cookie: user=Administrator Cookie: loggedin=true [body of request]
Attack
In January 2009, an attacker was able to gain administrator access to a Twitter server because the server did not restrict the number of login attempts [REF-236]. The attacker targeted a member of Twitter's support team and was able to successfully guess the member's password using a brute force attack by guessing a large number of common words. After gaining access as the member of the support st…
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2014-5412 Schneider Electric StruxureWare SCADA Expert ClearSCADA 权限许可和访问控制漏洞 — ClearSCADA 6.5 -2014-09-18
CVE-2014-0760 Festo CECX-X-C1/CECX-X-M1 Modular Master Controller 授权问题漏洞 — CECX-X-C1 Modular Master Controller with CoDeSys 9.8 -2014-04-25
CVE-2014-0769 Festo CECX-X-C1/CECX-X-M1 Modular Master Controller 授权问题漏洞 — CECX-X-C1 Modular Master Controller with CoDeSys 7.5 -2014-04-25
CVE-2012-6437 Rockwell Automation ControlLogix 安全绕过漏洞 — 1756-ENBT, 1756-EWEB, 1768-ENBT, 1768-EWEB communication modules 9.8 -2013-01-24
CVE-2012-6440 Rockwell Automation ControlLogix 重放安全绕过漏洞 — 1756-ENBT, 1756-EWEB, 1768-ENBT, 1768-EWEB communication modules 9.1 -2013-01-24
CVE-2012-5864 Sinapsi eSolar 未授权访问漏洞 — eSolar 9.8 -2012-11-23

CWE-287（认证机制不恰当） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1296 条 CVE 漏洞。