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CWE-23 相对路径遍历 类漏洞列表 370

CWE-23 相对路径遍历 类弱点 370 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-23 相对路径遍历漏洞源于软件未正确过滤外部输入中的“..”序列，导致构造的文件路径突破受限目录边界。攻击者通常利用此缺陷读取或修改系统敏感文件，获取未授权访问权限。开发者应避免直接使用用户输入拼接路径，需通过白名单验证、规范化路径或限制访问范围来彻底中和危险字符，从而防止路径逃逸。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-23 Relative Path Traversal（相对路径遍历） 英文：产品使用外部输入来构建一个应位于受限目录内的路径名，但它未能正确中和（neutralize）诸如“..”之类的序列，这些序列可解析为该目录之外的位置。
常见影响 (4)
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The attacker may be able to create or overwrite critical files that are used to execute code, such as programs or libraries.
IntegrityModify Files or Directories
The attacker may be able to overwrite or create critical files, such as programs, libraries, or important data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, appending a new account at the end of a password file may allow …
ConfidentialityRead Files or Directories
The attacker may be able read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data by traversing the file system to access files or directories that are outside of the restricted directory. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mech…
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
The attacker may be able to overwrite, delete, or corrupt unexpected critical files such as programs, libraries, or important data. This may prevent the product from working at all and in the case of a protection mechanisms such as authentication, it has the potential to lockout every user of the pr…
缓解措施 (3)
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
ImplementationInputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath(…
OperationUse an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Effectiveness: Moderate
代码示例 (2)
The following URLs are vulnerable to this attack:
http://example.com/get-files.jsp?file=report.pdf http://example.com/get-page.php?home=aaa.html http://example.com/some-page.asp?page=index.html
Bad · Other
http://example.com/get-files?file=../../../../somedir/somefile http://example.com/../../../../etc/shadow http://example.com/get-files?file=../../../../etc/passwd
Attack · Other
The following code could be for a social networking application in which each user's profile information is stored in a separate file. All files are stored in a single directory.
my $dataPath = "/users/cwe/profiles"; my $username = param("user"); my $profilePath = $dataPath . "/" . $username; open(my $fh, "<", $profilePath) || ExitError("profile read error: $profilePath"); print "<ul>\n"; while (<$fh>) { print "<li>$_</li>\n"; } print "</ul>\n";
Bad · Perl
../../../etc/passwd
Attack
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2018-18990 LCDS LAquis SCADA 路径遍历漏洞 — LCDS Laquis SCADA 4.3 -2019-02-05
CVE-2018-12473 Open Build Service 路径遍历漏洞 — Open Build Service 7.5 -2018-10-02
CVE-2018-14795 Emerson Electric Deltav 路径遍历漏洞 — DeltaV 8.8 -2018-08-21
CVE-2018-10615 GE MDS PulseNET和MDS PulseNET Enterprise 路径遍历漏洞 — MDS PulseNET and MDS PulseNET Enterprise 8.1 -2018-06-04
CVE-2017-9664 ABB SREA-01和SREA-50 路径遍历漏洞 — ABB SREA-01 and SREA-50 9.1 -2018-05-24
CVE-2018-5448 Medtronic 2090 Carelink Programmer 路径遍历漏洞 — 2090 CareLink Programmer 4.8 Medium2018-05-04
CVE-2017-0918 GitLab Community Edition GitLab CI runner组件路径遍历漏洞 — GitLab Community and Enterprise Editions 8.8 -2018-03-21
CVE-2017-13996 LOYTEC LVIS-3ME 路径遍历漏洞 — LOYTEC LVIS-3ME 8.8 -2017-10-05
CVE-2012-6069 CoDeSys 未明目录遍历漏洞 — CODESYS Control Runtime embedded 10.0 Critical2013-01-21
CVE-2012-5972 SpecView Web Server目录遍历漏洞 — SpecView 7.5 -2013-01-17

CWE-23（相对路径遍历） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 370 条 CVE 漏洞。