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CWE-164 (内部特殊元素净化处理不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 1

1 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-164 (内部特殊元素净化处理不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-164 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly neutralize internal special elements within data received from upstream components. This flaw occurs when the application processes input without adequately sanitizing characters or structures that hold specific meaning to downstream parsers, such as XML entities, SQL operators, or script tags. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious payloads disguised as legitimate data, causing the downstream component to interpret these elements unexpectedly. This misinterpretation can lead to severe consequences, including code injection, cross-site scripting, or unauthorized command execution. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation and output encoding strategies. By strictly defining allowed character sets and ensuring that all special characters are properly escaped before being passed to interpreters, engineers can prevent the unintended execution of injected commands and maintain system integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes internal special elements that could be interpreted in unexpected ways when they are sent to a downstream component. As data is parsed, improperly handled internal special elements may cause the process to take unexpected actions that result in an attack.
Common Consequences (1)
IntegrityUnexpected State
Mitigations (4)
Developers should anticipate that internal special elements will be injected/removed/manipulated in the input vectors of their product. Use an appropriate combination of denylists and allowlists to ensure only valid, expected and appropriate input is processed by the system.
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
ImplementationWhile it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or whit…
ImplementationInputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2025-29891 Apache Camel: Camel Message Header Injection through request parameters — Apache Camel 8.2 -2025-03-12

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-164 (内部特殊元素净化处理不恰当) represent 1 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.