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CWE-125 (跨界内存读) — Vulnerability Class 2925

2925 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-125 (跨界内存读). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-125, Out-of-bounds Read, is a memory safety weakness where software accesses memory locations outside the designated buffer boundaries, either before its start or past its end. This vulnerability typically arises from insufficient bounds checking during array indexing or pointer arithmetic, allowing attackers to read sensitive data such as stack canaries, cryptographic keys, or internal application state. By leveraging this flaw, adversaries can achieve information disclosure or potentially facilitate further exploitation techniques like heap spraying. Developers mitigate this risk by implementing rigorous input validation, utilizing static analysis tools to detect unsafe memory access patterns, and adopting safer programming languages or libraries that enforce automatic bounds checking. Additionally, employing compiler protections like Address Sanitizer during development helps identify these errors early, ensuring that memory reads remain strictly within allocated limits to prevent unauthorized data exposure.

MITRE CWE Description
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Common Consequences (4)
ConfidentialityRead Memory
An attacker could get secret values such as cryptographic keys, PII, memory addresses, or other information that could be used in additional attacks.
ConfidentialityBypass Protection Mechanism
Out-of-bounds memory could contain memory addresses or other information that can be used to bypass ASLR and other protection mechanisms in order to improve the reliability of exploiting a separate weakness for code execution.
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
An attacker could cause a segmentation fault or crash by causing memory to be read outside of the bounds of the buffer. This is especially likely when the code reads a variable amount of data and assumes that a sentinel exists to stop the read operation, such as a NUL in a string.
OtherVaries by Context
The read operation could produce other undefined or unexpected results.
Mitigations (2)
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Architecture and DesignUse a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Examples (2)
In the following code, the method retrieves a value from an array at a specific array index location that is given as an input parameter to the method
int getValueFromArray(int *array, int len, int index) { int value; // check that the array index is less than the maximum // length of the array if (index < len) { // get the value at the specified index of the array value = array[index]; } // if array index is invalid then output error message // and return value indicating error else { printf("Value is: %d\n", array[index]); value = -1; } return value; }
Bad · C
... // check that the array index is within the correct // range of values for the array if (index >= 0 && index < len) { ...
Good · C
In the following C/C++ example the method processMessageFromSocket() will get a message from a socket, placed into a buffer, and will parse the contents of the buffer into a structure that contains the message length and the message body. A for loop is used to copy the message body into a local character string which will be passed to another method for processing.
int processMessageFromSocket(int socket) { int success; char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; char message[MESSAGE_SIZE]; // get message from socket and store into buffer //Ignoring possibliity that buffer > BUFFER_SIZE if (getMessage(socket, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE) > 0) { // place contents of the buffer into message structure ExMessage *msg = recastBuffer(buffer); // copy message body into string for processing int index; for (index = 0; index < msg->msgLength; index++) { message[index] = msg->msgBody[index]; } message[index] = '\0'; // process message success = processMessage(message); } return success; }
Bad · C
CVE IDTitleCVSSSeverityPublished
CVE-2021-28557 Adobe Acrobat Reader out-of-bounds read in PDFLibTool could lead to information exposure — Acrobat Reader 4.3 Medium2021-09-02
CVE-2021-28555 Adobe Acrobat Reader out-of-bounds Read could lead to information disclosure — Acrobat Reader 4.3 -2021-09-02
CVE-2021-36079 Adobe Bridge SGI File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Bridge 7.8 High2021-09-01
CVE-2021-36071 Adobe Bridge PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Bridge 3.3 Low2021-09-01
CVE-2021-36074 Adobe Bridge PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Bridge 3.3 Low2021-09-01
CVE-2021-36053 XMP Toolkit SDK Out-of-bounds Read Vulnerability In FindAndReadXMPChunk Could Lead To Information Exposure — XMP Toolkit 3.3 Low2021-09-01
CVE-2021-36045 XMP Toolkit SDK Out-of-bounds Read Vulnerability In PostScriptSupport::ConvertToDate Could Lead To Information Exposure — XMP Toolkit 3.3 Low2021-09-01
CVE-2021-32975 Horner Automation Cscape 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Cscape 7.8 -2021-08-25
CVE-2021-28630 Adobe Animate FLA File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Animate 3.3 Low2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28619 Adobe Animate out-of-bounds read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — Animate 5.5 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28621 Adobe Animate FLA File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Animate 7.8 High2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28617 Adobe Animate out-of-bounds read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — Animate 6.5 -2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28618 Adobe Animate out-of-bounds read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — Animate 6.5 -2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28614 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability — After Effects 6.1 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28612 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability — After Effects 6.1 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28615 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — After Effects 5.5 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28611 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability — After Effects 6.1 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28616 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability — After Effects 6.1 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28609 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — After Effects 5.5 -2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28600 Adobe After Effects Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could lead to sensitive information disclosure — After Effects 5.5 Medium2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28551 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC JPEG2000 Editing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Acrobat Reader 7.8 High2021-08-24
CVE-2021-28554 Adobe Acrobat Reader DC Path Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read could lead to arbitrary code execution — Acrobat Reader 7.8 High2021-08-24
CVE-2021-36013 Adobe Media Encoder VOB File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Media Encoder 3.3 Low2021-08-23
CVE-2021-36016 Adobe Media Encoder FLV File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Media Encoder 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-36010 Adobe Illustrator SVG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Illustrator 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-36001 Adobe Character Animator PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Character Animator (Preview 4) 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-35992 Adobe Bridge PostScript Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability — Bridge 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-35988 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC Out-of-Bounds Read Bug — Acrobat Reader 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-35987 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC PDFLibTool Out-of-Bound Read — Acrobat Reader 3.3 Low2021-08-20
CVE-2021-28637 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC PDFLibTool Out-of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Acrobat Reader 7.8 High2021-08-20

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-125 (跨界内存读) represent 2925 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.