Q: Root Cause? (CWE/Flaw)

🛡️ **Root Cause**: **CWE-23** (Relative Path Traversal). The app fails to **validate file paths** properly before writing. 🚫 No sanitization on user input.

Q: Who is affected? (Versions/Components)

🎯 **Affected**: **MarkUs** (Ruby on Rails + React). 📉 **Version**: All versions **before 2.9.1**. 🏫 Used for student assignment submission/grading.

Q: What can hackers do? (Privileges/Data)

💀 **Impact**: **Full Control** over file system writes. 📂 Can overwrite critical config files or inject malicious scripts. 📈 **CVSS**: High (C:H, I:H, A:H).

Q: Is exploitation threshold high? (Auth/Config)

🔐 **Threshold**: **Medium**. Requires **PR:H** (High Privileges). 👤 Attacker needs valid credentials. 🚫 Not fully open to anonymous public.

Q: Is there a public Exp? (PoC/Wild Exploitation)

🧪 **Exploit**: **No Public PoC** listed in data. 🕵️♂️ However, the flaw is logical (Path Traversal), making it **easily exploitable** by skilled hackers.

Q: How to self-check? (Features/Scanning)

🔍 **Check**: Scan for **MarkUs** instances. 📂 Look for file upload/processing endpoints. 🧪 Test if relative paths (e.g., `../../`) bypass restrictions.

Q: Is it fixed officially? (Patch/Mitigation)

✅ **Fixed**: Yes! **v2.9.1** is the safe version. 📥 Update immediately. 🔗 See GitHub Advisory GHSA-mccg-p332-252h.

Q: What if no patch? (Workaround)

🛑 **No Patch?**: Implement **Input Validation** on file paths. 🚫 Reject `..` sequences. 🛡️ Use **Chroot** or strict sandboxing for uploads.

Q: Is it urgent? (Priority Suggestion)

⚡ **Urgency**: **HIGH**. 📅 Published Feb 2026. 🎓 Academic systems are high-value targets. 🏃♂️ Patch NOW to prevent data corruption.

Question 1

What is this vulnerability? (Essence + Consequences)

Accepted Answer

🚨 **Essence**: MarkUs < v2.9.1 has a **Path Traversal** flaw. 💥 **Consequence**: Attackers can achieve **Arbitrary File Write**. This breaks integrity and availability of the system.

Question 2

Root Cause? (CWE/Flaw)

Accepted Answer

🛡️ **Root Cause**: **CWE-23** (Relative Path Traversal). The app fails to **validate file paths** properly before writing. 🚫 No sanitization on user input.

Question 3

Who is affected? (Versions/Components)

Accepted Answer

🎯 **Affected**: **MarkUs** (Ruby on Rails + React). 📉 **Version**: All versions **before 2.9.1**. 🏫 Used for student assignment submission/grading.

Question 4

What can hackers do? (Privileges/Data)

Accepted Answer

💀 **Impact**: **Full Control** over file system writes. 📂 Can overwrite critical config files or inject malicious scripts. 📈 **CVSS**: High (C:H, I:H, A:H).

Question 5

Is exploitation threshold high? (Auth/Config)

Accepted Answer

🔐 **Threshold**: **Medium**. Requires **PR:H** (High Privileges). 👤 Attacker needs valid credentials. 🚫 Not fully open to anonymous public.

Question 6

Is there a public Exp? (PoC/Wild Exploitation)

Accepted Answer

🧪 **Exploit**: **No Public PoC** listed in data. 🕵️‍♂️ However, the flaw is logical (Path Traversal), making it **easily exploitable** by skilled hackers.

Question 7

How to self-check? (Features/Scanning)

Accepted Answer

🔍 **Check**: Scan for **MarkUs** instances. 📂 Look for file upload/processing endpoints. 🧪 Test if relative paths (e.g., `../../`) bypass restrictions.

Question 8

Is it fixed officially? (Patch/Mitigation)

Accepted Answer

✅ **Fixed**: Yes! **v2.9.1** is the safe version. 📥 Update immediately. 🔗 See GitHub Advisory GHSA-mccg-p332-252h.

Question 9

What if no patch? (Workaround)

Accepted Answer

🛑 **No Patch?**: Implement **Input Validation** on file paths. 🚫 Reject `..` sequences. 🛡️ Use **Chroot** or strict sandboxing for uploads.

Question 10

Is it urgent? (Priority Suggestion)

Accepted Answer

⚡ **Urgency**: **HIGH**. 📅 Published Feb 2026. 🎓 Academic systems are high-value targets. 🏃‍♂️ Patch NOW to prevent data corruption.

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CVE-2026-25057 — AI Deep Analysis Summary

Q1What is this vulnerability? (Essence + Consequences)

Q2Root Cause? (CWE/Flaw)

Q3Who is affected? (Versions/Components)

Q4What can hackers do? (Privileges/Data)

Q5Is exploitation threshold high? (Auth/Config)

Q6Is there a public Exp? (PoC/Wild Exploitation)

Q7How to self-check? (Features/Scanning)

Q8Is it fixed officially? (Patch/Mitigation)

Q9What if no patch? (Workaround)

Q10Is it urgent? (Priority Suggestion)

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